AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–1

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Section 5B

AWD ABS-TCS

ATTENTION

Before performing any service operation or other procedure described in this Section, refer to Section 00

Warnings, Cautions and Notes for correct workshop practices w ith regard to safety and/or property damage.

1 General Information............................................................................................................................... 4

1.1 Component Location .............................................................................................................................................6

1.2 AWD ABS-TCS Hydraulic Circuit ..........................................................................................................................8

2 System Operation................................................................................................................................ 10

2.1 Non-ABS Braking.................................................................................................................................................10

Non-ABS Braking Operation ...............................................................................................................................10

2.2 Antilock Braking System (ABS)..........................................................................................................................12

ABS-TCS Normal Operating Conditions ............................................................................................................12

ABS Phase – Maintaining Pressure....................................................................................................................12

ABS Phase – Reducing Pressure .......................................................................................................................14

ABS Phase – Increasing Pressure......................................................................................................................16

2.3 Automatic Brake Distribution (ABD) System.....................................................................................................18

ABD System – Brake Intervention ......................................................................................................................18

2.4 Electronic Brake-force Distribution (EBD) System ...........................................................................................20

EBD System Keep Alive Function.......................................................................................................................20

EBD – Maintaining Pressure ...............................................................................................................................20

EBD Phase – Reducing Pressure .......................................................................................................................22

EBD Phase – Increasing Pressure......................................................................................................................24

3 Component Description and Operation.............................................................................................25

3.1 Electronic Control Unit (ECU) .............................................................................................................................25

ECU Self-test Initialisation Sequence.................................................................................................................25

ECU Inputs............................................................................................................................................................26

ECU Outputs.........................................................................................................................................................26

ECU Wiring Connector Terminal Assignment...................................................................................................27

ECU Wiring Diagram............................................................................................................................................28

3.2 Hydraulic Modulator.............................................................................................................................................29

3.3 Wheel Speed Sensors..........................................................................................................................................30

Testing Wheel Speed Sensor Using an Oscilloscope ......................................................................................30

Wheel Speed Sensor Wiring Connector.............................................................................................................31

Front Wheel Speed Sensor..................................................................................................................................31

Rear Wheel Speed Sensors.................................................................................................................................31

3.4 Longitudinal Accelerometer................................................................................................................................32

Longitudinal Accelerometer Wiring Connector.................................................................................................32

3.5 Stop Lamp Switch-A ............................................................................................................................................33

Stop Lamp Switch-A Wiring Connector.............................................................................................................33

3.6 AWD ABS – TCS Warning Display......................................................................................................................34

ABS Warning Lamp..............................................................................................................................................34

ABS Fault / Trac Off Warning Display ................................................................................................................34

Low Traction Warning Display............................................................................................................................34

3.7 ABS-TCS Fuse Locations....................................................................................................................................35

Techline

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4 AWD ABS-TCS Diagnostics General Information............................................................................. 36

4.1 Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Tables ..............................................................................................................36

4.2 Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs)......................................................................................................................37

Status of DTCs .....................................................................................................................................................37

Conditions for Clearing DTCs.............................................................................................................................37

4.3 Tech 2 ECU Diagnostic Tests..............................................................................................................................38

Tech 2 Limitations ................................................................................................................................................38

Tech 2 Intermittent Fault Tests...........................................................................................................................38

Tech 2 Data List....................................................................................................................................................39

5 AWD ABS-TCS Diagnostic Starting Point ......................................................................................... 40

5.1 Diagnostic Requirements, Precautions and Preliminary Checks....................................................................40

Basic Knowledge Required.................................................................................................................................40

Basic Diagnostic Tools Required.......................................................................................................................40

Diagnostic Precautions .......................................................................................................................................41

Preliminary Checks..............................................................................................................................................42

5.2 AWD ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table...............................................................................................................43

6 AWD ABS-TCS Intermittent Conditions.............................................................................................44

6.1 Description ...........................................................................................................................................................44

6.2 AWD ABS-TCS Intermittent Conditions Diagnostic Table................................................................................45

7 AWD ABS-TCS DTC Tables................................................................................................................. 47

7.1 DTC C0035 – Front Left Wheel Speed Sensor Short or Open Circuit..............................................................47

Circuit Description...............................................................................................................................................47

Diagnostic Aids....................................................................................................................................................47

7.2 DTC C0036 – Front Left Wheel Speed Sensor Signal Correlation...................................................................51

Circuit Description...............................................................................................................................................51

Diagnostic Aids....................................................................................................................................................51

7.3 DTC C0040 – Front Right Wheel Speed Sensor Short or Open Circuit...........................................................55

Circuit Description...............................................................................................................................................55

Diagnostic Aids....................................................................................................................................................55

7.4 DTC C0041 – Front Right Wheel Speed Sensor Signal Correlation.................................................................59

Circuit Description...............................................................................................................................................59

Diagnostic Aids....................................................................................................................................................59

7.5 DTC C0045 – Rear Left Wheel Speed Sensor Short or Open Circuit...............................................................63

Circuit Description...............................................................................................................................................63

Diagnostic Aids....................................................................................................................................................63

7.6 DTC C0046 – Rear Left Wheel Speed Sensor Signal Correlation ....................................................................67

Circuit Description...............................................................................................................................................67

Diagnostic Aids....................................................................................................................................................67

7.7 DTC C0050 – Rear Right Wheel Speed Sensor Short or Open Circuit ............................................................71

Circuit Description...............................................................................................................................................71

Diagnostic Aids....................................................................................................................................................71

7.8 DTC C0051 – Rear Right Wheel Speed Sensor Signal Correlation..................................................................75

Circuit Description...............................................................................................................................................75

Diagnostic Aids....................................................................................................................................................75

7.9 DTC C0110 – Pump Motor or Relay Fault...........................................................................................................79

Circuit Description...............................................................................................................................................79

Diagnostic Aids....................................................................................................................................................80

7.10 DTC C0121 – Valve Solenoid Relay Fault...........................................................................................................82

Circuit Description...............................................................................................................................................82

Diagnostic Aids....................................................................................................................................................83

7.11 DTC C0161 – Brake Switch Circuit Malfunction................................................................................................85

Circuit Description...............................................................................................................................................85

Diagnostic Aids....................................................................................................................................................85

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7.12 DTC C0191 – Longitudinal Acceleration Sensor Incorrect Signal...................................................................88

Circuit Description...............................................................................................................................................88

Diagnostic Aids....................................................................................................................................................88

7.13 DTC C0192 – Longitudinal Acceleration Sensor Circuit Malfunction..............................................................92

Circuit Description...............................................................................................................................................92

Diagnostic Aids....................................................................................................................................................92

7.14 DTC C0245 – Wheel Speed Signal Malfunction.................................................................................................96

Circuit Description...............................................................................................................................................96

Diagnostic Aids....................................................................................................................................................96

7.15 DTC C0550 – Electronic Control Unit (ECU) Internal Fault.............................................................................100

Circuit Description.............................................................................................................................................100

Diagnostic Aids..................................................................................................................................................102

7.16 DTC C0896 – Battery Voltage Out of Range.....................................................................................................104

Circuit Description.............................................................................................................................................104

Diagnostic Aids..................................................................................................................................................105

8 AWD ABS-TCS Serial Data Communication Diagnostics.............................................................. 107

8.1 Serial Data Communication Preliminary Diagnostic Table ............................................................................107

Circuit Description.............................................................................................................................................107

Diagnostic Aids..................................................................................................................................................108

8.2 DTC U1000–No Serial Data................................................................................................................................110

Circuit Description.............................................................................................................................................110

Diagnostic Aids..................................................................................................................................................110

8.3 DTC U1016–No Serial Data from PCM..............................................................................................................112

Circuit Description.............................................................................................................................................112

Diagnostic Aids..................................................................................................................................................112

8.4 DTC U1300 or U1301 Class 2 Communication Data Link Input Too Low or Too High.................................114

Circuit Description.............................................................................................................................................114

Diagnostic Aids..................................................................................................................................................114

9 Service Operations............................................................................................................................ 116

9.1 Safety and Precautionary Measures.................................................................................................................116

9.2 ABS-TCS Brake Bleeding Procedure................................................................................................................118

9.3 Electronic Control Unit (ECU) / Hydraulic Modulator Assembly....................................................................119

Remove ...............................................................................................................................................................119

Disassemble.......................................................................................................................................................121

Reinstall..............................................................................................................................................................123

9.4 Front Right Wheel Speed Sensor .....................................................................................................................125

Remove ...............................................................................................................................................................125

Reinstall..............................................................................................................................................................126

9.5 Front Left Wheel Speed Sensor........................................................................................................................127

Remove ...............................................................................................................................................................127

Reinstallation......................................................................................................................................................128

9.6 Rear Wheel Speed Sensor.................................................................................................................................130

Remove ...............................................................................................................................................................130

Reinstall..............................................................................................................................................................131

9.7 Pulse Rings .........................................................................................................................................................132

Front Wheel Speed Sensor Pulse Ring............................................................................................................132

Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Pulse Ring.............................................................................................................132

9.8 Longitudinal Accelerometer..............................................................................................................................135

Remove ...............................................................................................................................................................135

Reinstall..............................................................................................................................................................135

10 Specifications..................................................................................................................................... 136

11 Torque Wrench Specifications......................................................................................................... 137

12 Special Tools...................................................................................................................................... 138

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1 General Information

MY 2004 VY AWD Wagon vehicles are equipped with an Antilock Braking System (ABS) that incorporates a Traction

Control System (TCS). This AWD ABS-TCS is calibrated for off-road driving conditions and comprises of the following:

• Antilock Braking System (ABS), refer to 2.2 Antilock Braking System for information on ABS.

• Automatic Brake Distribution (ABD) System, refer to 2.3 Automatic Brake Distribution System for information on

ABD System.

• Electronic Brake-force Distribution (EBD) System, refer to 2.4 Electronic Brake-force Distribution for information on

EBD System.

The ABS-TCS modulates the brake fluid pressure at each wheel during hard driving or an emergency braking situation,

to provide the following safety factors for safe and stable driving under various vehicle load and road surface conditions:

• Reduced vehicle stopping distance,

• Optimum vehicle stability and steering control,

• Improved vehicle traction control, and

• Dynamic front to rear wheel brake proportioning.

The vehicle braking system is dependent upon tyre traction to the road surface to achieve maximum braking efficiency.

The braking action converts the vehicle's forward motion into heat energy. Maximum braking efficiency is achieved when

a wheel lock-up is prevented and the wheel slip is approximately 12%. Refer to Figure 5B – 1 for the illustration of the

following:

• At 0% slip, the tyre rolls freely (A).

• At 100% slip, the tyre locks-up (B) as the weight of the vehicle (C) pushes the non-rotating tyre along the road

surface (1). The force involved in stopping an 1800 kg vehicle from 100 km/h requires the braking system to

generate approximately 8,100 kilojoule (kJ) of braking energy.

When the tyres are locked-up, the vehicle's forward energy is converted into braking energy (friction) between the

tyre and the road surface. This will result in an unstable and inefficient braking due to the effect of the following

factors:

• Asphalt, cement, gravel or dirt road surfaces provide different degree of tyre traction.

• Oil puddles, ice spots or other contaminants that cause a sudden change in the road surface condition.

• Wet, dry, smooth, rough road surface condition affect tyre traction.

Figure 5B – 1

When none of the wheels are locked during braking, the heat energy produced by the braking action is transferred to

the brake pads and the brake disc. As the friction surfaces between the brake pads and the brake disc are designed to

provide a stable and controlled braking action, a vehicle that is stopped without locking the wheels will stop in a shorter

distance while maintaining directional stability and steering capability.

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In addition, steering control also depends upon tyre traction.

A locked wheel in a 100% slip condition delivers poor

braking and directional control.

In this example, the front tyre direction (A) has minimal

steering effect while the vehicle slides in direction (B). The

tyres must regain their traction before steering control is

restored to the vehicle.

Figure 5B – 2

Skilled drivers carefully control wheel lock-up by limiting brake pressure, but wheel lock-up on wet roads or in other

reduced traction conditions are difficult to prevent through non-ABS braking.

In theory, the skilled driver limits brake application just short of lock-up. In practice, the driver rapidly pumps the brake

pedal to prevent wheel lock-up. The driver applies, releases, reapplies and releases the brakes until the vehicle stops.

However, the most skilled drivers cannot pump the brakes rapidly or precisely enough for the best braking under all road

surface conditions. In addition, if only one wheel is locking-up, pumping of the brake pedal applies and releases the

brakes at all four wheels at the same time.

The MY 2004 VY AWD Wagon ABS-TCS is designed to provide automatic wheel braking control to each wheel for

optimum vehicle braking, traction and stability under any road surface condition.

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1.1 Component Location

Figure 5B – 3

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Component Location Legend

1 Elect roni c Control Uni t and

Hydraulic Modulat or A ssembly

2 Longitudinal Accelerometer

3 Rear Wheel Speed Sensor

4 Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Pul se Ring

5 Front Wheel S peed Sensor

6 Front Wheel Speed Sensor P ul se Ring

7 Stop Lamp Switch

8 Body Control Module

9 ABS Icon, ABS Fault and Traction Control Warning Display

10 ABS Warning Lamp

11 Powertrain Interface Module

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1.2 AWD ABS-TCS Hydraulic Circuit

Figure 5B – 4

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Hydraulic Circuit Legend

1 Brake Caliper

2 Brake Mast er Cyl i nder

3 Inlet Valve

4 Outlet Valve

5 Pump Motor

6 Accumulator

7 One-way Valve

8 Priming Valve

9 Isolating Valve

10 Hydraulic Damper

11 Hydraulic Pump

A Normal (conventional) B rake Fluid Pressure

B Modulated Brake Flui d P ressure

C St opped B rake Fluid Pressure Flow (Solenoid V al ve Closed)

D hydraulic modul ator Pum p Generated Brake Fl ui d P ressure

Flow

E Brake Pedal A ppl i ed

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2 System Operation

2.1 Non-ABS Braking

Under normal braking and driving conditions, the ABS-TCS functions like a conventional braking system. Refer to

Section 5A Service and Park Braking System for further information on the conventional braking system.

Non-ABS Braki ng O perat ion

When the brakes are applied (E), the brake booster assists the brake master cylinder (1) in providing brake fluid

pressure (A) to the brake calipers (2) without any intervention from the hydraulic modulator (3). Refer to Figure 5B-5.

However, the Electronic Control Unit (ECU) constantly monitors each wheel for wheel slip. If the ECU detects a wheel

slip, it switches to the appropriate Mode:

• ABS Mode – If any of the wheels begin to lock-up.

• EBD Mode – If the front-to-rear wheel speed is not balanced during braking.

Condition Description

At normal braking, all the valves in the hydraulic modulator are in their normal rest positions allowing for uninterrupted

flow of brake fluid from the master cylinder to the brake calipers. The hydraulic modulator provides conventional non-

ABS braking by allowing the brake fluid to flow between the brake master cylinder and the brake caliper in either

direction.

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Figure 5B – 5

Legend – Normal Braking Hydraulic Circuit

1 Brake Mast er Cyl i nder

2 Brake Caliper

3 Hydraulic Modulat or A ssembly

A Normal (conventional) B rake Fluid Pressure

C St opped B rake Fluid Pressure Flow (Solenoid V al ve Closed)

E Brake Pedal A ppl i ed

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2.2 Antilock Braking System (ABS)

The ABS is designed to prevent wheel loc k -up during hard or emergency braking. When the ABS detec ts that a wheel is

beginning to lock-up, the hydraulic modulator reduces the braking force applied by modulating the brake fluid supply

pressure of the locking wheel. The following are conditions that may occur under various ABS-TCS Phases:

ABS-TCS Normal Operating Conditi ons

The following are conditions that may be experienced when the ABS-TCS is activated and are considered normal:

• During ABS-controlled braking, the braking pressure of the affected wheel is automatically adjusted to prevent

wheel lock-up, regardless of brake pedal force.

• During some ABS-TCS operation, the following conditions may be experienced and are considered normal:

• A series of rapid pulsations are felt through the brake pedal – these pulsations occur as solenoid valves

within the hydraulic modulator change position to modulate the brake hydraulic pressure.

• A ticking or popping noise in the hydraulic modulator – this noise occurs as the hydraulic modulator solenoid

valves cycle rapidly to modulate the hydraulic brake pressure.

• Intermittent chirping noises – this noise may be heard as the tyres approach slipping on dry pavement.

• Electric motor and pump noise and rapid brake pedal pulsation – these are caused by the operation of the

hydraulic modulator pump during the ABS/EBD Reducing or Increasing Pressure Phase, ABD Brake

Intervention or the ECU self-test.

ABS Phase – Mai nt ai ning Pressure

Condition Description

When the brakes are applied (A) and the Electronic Control

Unit (ECU) detects that a wheel reaches a point (1) where it

is beginning to lock-up, the hydraulic modulator controls the

brake fluid pressure of the affected wheel to maintain its

brake fluid pressure (C) and prevent a wheel lock-up.

Figure 5B – 6

Control Action

NOTE

The following ABS situation assumes that the

rear left wheel is beginning to lock-up. Refer to

Figure 5B – 7 for the illustration of the ABS

Phase – Maintaining Pressure Hydraulic Circuit.

The ECU monitors and compares signals from each wheel speed sensor to determine wheel lock-up or wheel spin. If a

wheel lock-up is detected during braking, the ECU switches to the Maintaining Pressure Phase and sends a control

signal to the hydraulic modulator (1) to close the rear left inlet valve (2).

With both the rear left inlet valve and outlet valve (3) closed, the rear left brake fluid circuit is isolated and the rear left

brake fluid pressure (C) is kept constant regardless of the brake fluid pressure (A) exerted by the brake pedal (E).

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Figure 5B – 7

Legend – ABS Maintaining Pressure Phase Hydraulic Circuit

1 Hydraulic Modulator

2 Inlet Valve

3 Outlet Valve

A Normal (conventional) B rake Fluid Pressure

C St opped B rake Fluid Pressure Flow (Solenoid V al ve Closed)

E Brake Pedal A ppl i ed

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ABS Phase – Reducing Pressure

Condition Description

If maintaining the brake fluid pressure in the Maintaining

Pressure Phase (C) did not prevent the affected wheel from

locking-up (1), the ABS switches from Maintaining Pressure

Phase to Reducing Pressure Phase.

The hydraulic modulator modulates the brake fluid circuit of

the affected wheel to reduce its brake fluid pressure (D) and

prevent wheel lock-up.

Figure 5B – 8

Control Action

NOTE

The following ABS situation assumes that the

rear left wheel is still locking-up while the ABS is

already in Maintaining Pressure Phase. Refer to

Figure 5B – 9 for the illustration of the ABS –

Reducing Pressure Hydraulic Circuit.

The ECU monitors and compares signals from each wheel speed sensor to determine wheel lock-up and wheel spin. If

the rear left wheel lock-up is still detected when the ABS is already in the Maintaining Pressure Phase, the ECU

switches to the ABS Reducing Pressure Phase. The ECU sends a control signal to the hydraulic modulator (1) to:

• Open the rear left outlet valve (2).

• Close rear left inlet valve (3).

• Operate the hydraulic modulator pump (4). The hydraulic modulator pump will remain operational for the duration

of the ABS Phase.

The ABS performs the following actions during the Reducing Pressure Phase:

1 The rear left brake fluid is initially directed towards the accumulator (5) to guarantee instant pressure reduction

when the rear left outlet valve is opened.

2 The accumulator stores the excess rear left brake fluid.

3 The hydraulic modulator pump builds-up the rear left brake fluid return flow pressure that will allow the brake fluid

released from rear left brake caliper (6) to be returned back to the brake master cylinder (7) against brake pedal

pressure (D). Because the brake pedal is still being depressed during this phase, the released pressure from the

brake caliper has to be greater than the brake fluid pressure applied by the master cylinder.

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Figure 5B – 9

Legend – ABS Reducing Pressure Phase Hydraulic Circuit

1 Hydraulic Modulator

2 Outlet Valve

3 Inlet Valve

4 Hydraulic Pump

5 Accumulator

6 Brake Caliper

7 Brake Mast er Cyl i nder

A Normal (conventional) B rake Fluid Pressure

C St opped B rake Fluid Pressure Flow (Solenoid V al ve Closed)

D hydraulic modul ator Pum p Generated Brake Fl ui d P ressure

Flow

E Conventional Brake Pres sure combined with Releas ed

Brake Fluid P ressure

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ABS Phase – Increasing Pressure

Condition Description

If reducing the brake fluid pressure in the Reducing

Pressure Phase (D) results in the following:

• The brake fluid pressure reaches a point (1) where

insufficient braking force is applied to the affected

wheel,

• The ECU determines that the affected wheel is now

underbraked.

The ABS switches from Reducing Pressure Phase to

Increasing Pressure Phase (AD). In this phase, the

hydraulic modulator modulates the affected wheel brake

fluid circuit to increase its brake fluid pressure, which

increases braking force and balances wheel speed during

braking.

Figure 5B – 10

Control Action

NOTE

The following ABS situation assumes that the

rear left wheel speed is under braked as a result

of the reduced braking force applied during the

ABS Reducing Pressure Phase. Refer to Figure

5B – 11 for the illustration of the ABS –

Increasing Pressure Hydraulic Circuit.

The ECU monitors and compares signals from each wheel speed sensor to determine wheel lock-up and wheel spin. If

the ECU detects that the rear left wheel speed is higher than the other three wheels as a result of the reduced braking

force applied during the Reducing Pressure Phase, the ECU switches to the Increasing Pressure Phase. The ECU

sends a control signal to the hydraulic modulator (1) to:

• Close (normal position) the rear left outlet valve (2).

• Open (normal position) the rear left inlet valve (3).

• Continue operation of the hydraulic modulator pump (4) for the duration of the ABS Phase.

The master cylinder (5) brake fluid pressure (A) is again directed to the rear left brake caliper (6) as in normal brake

operation. The previously reduced rear left brake fluid pressure is now increased to reduce the rear left wheel speed.

These ABS Phases are repeated until the ECU detects that the wheel speeds are balanced or the brake pedal pressure

removed. There are approximately four to six control cycles per second depending on the road surface condition.

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Figure 5B – 11

Legend – ABS Increasing Phase Pressure Hydraulic Circuit

1 Hydraulic Modulat or

2 Outlet Valve

3 Inlet Valve

4 Hydraulic P ump Assembly

5 Brake Mast er Cyl i nder

6 Brake Caliper

A Normal (conventional) B rake Fluid Pressure

C St opped B rake Fluid Pressure Flow (Solenoid V al ve Closed)

D hydraulic modul ator Pum p Generated Brake Fl ui d P ressure

Flow

E Brake Pedal A ppl i ed

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2.3 Automatic Brake Distribution (ABD)

System

The Automatic Brake Distribution (ABD) System is designed to prevent wheel spin during a standing start, acceleration

or cornering. When the ECU is in the ABD Mode, the hydraulic modulator modulates the brake hydraulic circuit of the

spinning wheel and applies appropriate brake fluid pressure, which enables the ABD System to automatically apply

braking force and prevent wheel spin.

A wheel spin causes the following vehicle conditions:

• The rear of the vehicle swerves and the vehicle becomes unstable.

• Increased tyre tread wear.

• High drivetrain stress that may result in premature drivetrain failure when a spinning wheel suddenly finds traction

on a high adhesive surface.

ABD System – Brake Intervention

NOTE

The following ABD System situation assumes

that the rear left wheel is beginning to slip. Refer

to Figure 5B – 12 for the illustration of the

ABD System – Hydraulic System Circuit.

The ECU monitors and compares signals from each wheel speed sensor to determine wheel lock-up and wheel spin. In

addition, the ECU monitors and evaluates signals from the longitudinal accelerometer the rate of vehicle acceleration.

In addition, if the vehicle is travelling on a slippery road condition or on a slope, which causes all four wheels to loose

traction, the ECU uses the longitudinal wheel speed sensor signal voltage to support the calculation of the actual vehicle

speed. Refer to 3.4 Longitudinal Accelerometer for further information on the longitudinal accelerometer.

If the ECU detects that the rear left wheel is beginning to slip due to a slippery road surface or excessive engine torque

and the brakes are not applied, the ECU switches to the ABD Mode. During this Mode, the ECU sends the following

signal to the hydraulic modulator (1) to:

• Close the rear isolating valve (2).

• Open the rear prime valve (3).

• Close the rear right inlet valve (4)

• Operate the hydraulic modulator pump (5).

The hydraulic modulator performs the following operations during the ABD Mode. These operations can be applied

approximately four to six times a second and can function on one or more driven wheels:

• The rear isolation valve is closed to isolate the rear brake fluid circuits from the master cylinder and prevent the

brake fluid returning to the brake master cylinder when the hydraulic pump builds-up the brake fluid pressure.

• The rear right inlet valve is closed to isolate the rear right wheel hydraulic circuit (C) allowing the hydraulic

modulator to supply brake fluid pressure only to the rear left wheel.

• The rear priming valve is open to allow brake fluid to be drawn from the master cylinder into the hydraulic pump

• The hydraulic pump supplies brake fluid pressure (D) to the rear left brake caliper. Applying brake force to the

spinning wheel allows torque to be transferred to the wheel with good traction.

• The rear left wheel inlet and outlet valves cycle open and close to provide sufficient braking force to the rear left

wheel to stop it from spinning. The inlet and outlet valve cycle assists in obtaining maximum road surface traction

in the same manner as the ABS Mode. The difference between ABS and ABD mode is that during ABD Mode, the

brake fluid pressure is increased to reduce wheel spin. In contrast, during the ABS Mode, the brake fluid pressure

is decreased to avoid wheel lock-up.

NOTE

If at any time during ABD Mode the brakes are

manually applied, the brake switch sends a

signal to the ECU to exit the ABD Brake

Intervention Mode and allow for manual braking.

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Figure 5B – 12

Legend – ABD Mode, Brake Intervention Hydraulic Circuit

1 Hydraulic Modulator

2 Isolating Valve

3 Prime Valve

4 Inlet Valve

5 Hydraulic P ump

C St opped B rake Fluid Pressure Flow (Solenoid V al ve Closed)

D hydraulic modul ator Pum p Generated Brake Fl ui d P ressure

Flow

M Pump Motor

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2.4 Electronic Brake-force Distribution

(EBD) System

The Electronic Brake-force Distribution (EBD) System is part of the ABS-TCS software programmed into the Electronic

Control Unit (ECU) and is designed to replace the rear brake proportioning valve in preventing rear wheel lock-up during

moderate braking. The EBD System utilises the existing ABS System active controls to regulate the vehicle's rear brake

fluid pressure. This enables the EBD System to provide dynamic front to rear brake proportioning under various vehicle

loads, driving manoeuvres, or road conditions.

In some situations, when the EBD System is activated, a brake pedal height drop of approximately 10 mm will be

experienced when the driver varies the brake pedal pressure while performing brake stops. This is caused by the

hydraulic modulator performing an adjustment on the rear brake fluid pressure and is considered normal. The following

are conditions that may occur under various EBD System Phases:

EBD System Keep Alive Function

The EBD System plays an important role in vehicle stability during braking. For this reason, the EBD System has a Keep

Alive Function integrated in its software. When the ECU detects a fault in the ABS-TCS, depending on the type of

failure, certain parts of the system are kept alive. This allows the EBD System to apply some rear wheel brake

proportioning even under certain ABS-TCS fault conditions.

EBD – Maintai n i ng Pressure

Condition Description

When the brakes are applied (A) and the ECU determines

that the rear wheels reach a point (1) where their rotational

speed is decelerating faster than the front wheels, the

hydraulic modulator individually modulates the rear wheel

brake fluid pressure (C) to maintain the rear braking force

and prevent a wheel lock-up.

NOTE

The EBD System operation takes effect before

the increased slip rate required for an ABS

brake intervention.

Figure 5B – 13

Control Action

NOTE

The following EBD situation assumes that the

rear wheels are beginning to slip. Refer to Figure

5B – 14 for the illustration of the EBD Hydraulic

Circuit.

The ECU monitors and evaluates signals from each wheel speed sensor to determine wheel lock-up or wheel spin.

When the ECU determines that the rear wheels are decelerating faster than the front wheels but the rate of deceleration

doesn't reach a point where it requires ABS intervention, the ECU switches to EBD Maintaining Pressure Phase.

As a first step during the EBD Maintaining Pressure Phase, the ECU sends a control signal to the hydraulic modulator

(1) to close the rear inlet valves (2) and isolate the rear brake fluid circuit from the brake master cylinder. This maintains

the rear brake fluid pressure (C) regardless of the brake fluid pressure (A) exerted by the brake pedal (E).

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Figure 5B – 14

Legend – EBD Maintaining Pressure Phase Hydraulic Circuit

1 Hydraulic Modulator

2 Rear Inlet V al ve

A Normal (conventional) B rake Fluid Pressure

C St opped B rake Fluid Pressure Flow (Solenoid V al ve Closed)

E Brake Pedal A ppl i ed

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–22

Page 5B–22

EBD Phase – Reducing Pressure

Condition Description

If maintaining the brake fluid pressure in the EBD System

Maintaining Pressure Phase (C) did not prevent the rear

wheels from decelerating faster than the front wheels, the

EBD System switches from Maintaining Pressure Phase to

Reducing Pressure Phase (D).

The hydraulic modulator modulates the rear wheel brake

fluid circuits to reduce its brake fluid pressure and prevent

wheel lock-up.

NOTE

The EBD System operation takes effect before the

increased slip rate required for an ABS brake intervention.

Figure 5B – 15

Control Action

NOTE

The following EBD System situation assumes

that the rear wheels are still decelerating faster

than the front wheels while the EBD System is

already in Maintaining Pressure Phase. Refer to

Figure 5B – 16 for the illustration of the EBD –

Reducing Pressure Hydraulic Circuit.

If the ECU detects that the rear wheels are still decelerating faster than the front wheels while the EBD System is

already in Maintaining Pressure Phase, the ECU switches to the Reducing Pressure Phase. The ECU sends a control

signal to the hydraulic modulator (1) to:

• Close the rear inlet valves (2).

• Open the rear outlet valves (3).

The EBD performs the following actions during the Reducing Pressure Phase:

1 The rear brake fluid is directed towards the accumulator (4) to allow brake fluid pressure reduction.

2 The accumulator stores the excess rear brake fluid. It is capable of storing all the excess brake fluid during an

EBD System operation. However, if the accumulator has been filled to its limit and the ECU still determines that

the rear wheels are decelerating faster than the front wheels, the ECU activates the hydraulic modulator pump and

returns the excess brake fluid to the brake master cylinder.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–23

Page 5B–23

Figure 5B – 16

Legend – EBD Reducing Pressure Phase Hydraulic Circuit

1 Hydraulic Modulator

2 Rear Inlet V al ve

3 Rear Outlet V al ve

4 Accumulator

A Normal (conventional) B rake Fluid Pressure

C St opped B rake Fluid Pressure Flow (Solenoid V al ve Closed)

E Brake Pedal A ppl i ed

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–24

Page 5B–24

EBD Phase – Increasing Pressure

Condition Description

If reducing the rear brake fluid pressure in the EBD

Reducing Pressure Phase (D) causes the brake fluid

pressure to drop to a point (1) where the front and rear

wheels are now rotating at the same speed or almost at the

same speed, the EBD System switches from Reducing

Pressure Phase to Increasing Pressure Phase (AD).

In this phase, the ECU sends a signal to the hydraulic

modulator to allow normal brake master cylinder pressure to

be applied to the rear wheels as in normal brake operation.

Figure 5B – 17

Control Action

NOTE

The following EBD System operation assumes

that the front and rear wheels are now rotating at

the same speed or almost at the same speed, as

a result of the reduced braking force applied

during the EBD Reducing Pressure Phase.

The ECU monitors and compares signals from each wheel speed sensor to determine wheel lock-up and wheel spin. If

the ECU detects that the front and rear wheels are now rotating at the same speed or almost at the same speed as a

result of the reduced braking force applied during the EBD Reducing Pressure Phase, the EBD System switches from

Reducing Pressure Phase to Increasing Pressure Phase.

The ECU sends a control signal to the hydraulic modulator to return the rear outlet valve and the rear inlet valve to their

normal rest position.

The master cylinder brake fluid pressure is directed to the rear brake calipers as in normal brake operation. The

previously reduced rear brake fluid pressure is now increased to normal brake master cylinder pressure and the front

and rear wheels brake fluid pressures are again equal.

These EBD Phases are repeated until the ECU detects that the wheel speeds are balanced or the brake pedal pressure

removed. There are approximately four to six control cycles per second depending on the road surface condition.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–25

Page 5B–25

3 Component Description and

Operation

3.1 Electronic Control Unit (ECU)

The Electronic Control Unit (ECU) (1) is the control centre of

the ABS-TCS Braking System. It is integrated with the

hydraulic modulator (2) to form one assembly.

The ECU constantly monitors and evaluates input signals

from various sensors and switches. If it detects a wheel spin

or a wheel slip condition, the ECU switches to the following

Mode:

• ABS Mode – Refer to

2.2 Antilock Braking System (ABS).

• ABD Mode – Refer to

2.3 Automatic Brake Distribution (EBD) System.

• EBD Mode – Refer to

2.4 Electronic Brake-force Distribution (EBD) System.

Figure 5B – 18

ECU Self-test Initialisation Sequence

NOTE

If the ECU detects a fault in the ABS-TCS

Braking System, it takes the following action:

• The ECU will disable the ABS-TCS Braking

System.

• The ABS-TCS remains disabled until the next

ignition cycle.

• Illuminate the warning lamps.

• Sets a DTC.

NOTE

Conventional braking system is available while

the ABS-TCS is disabled.

The ECU performs one Self-test Initialisation Sequence for each ignition cycle. This Initialisation Sequence commences

when the vehicle reaches approximately 6 km/h.

During the Initialisation Sequence, the ECU sends a control signal to the hydraulic modulator to cycle each of the

solenoid valve as well as the pump motor for approximately 1.5 seconds to check for correct component operation. If the

pump or any solenoid valves fail to operate, the ECU will disable the ABS-TCS Braking System, illuminate the warning

lamp and sets a DTC.

NOTE

The Initialisation Sequence may be heard and

felt while it is taking place, which is considered

part of the normal system operation. Refer to,

2.2 Antilock Braking System (ABS).

In addition, as soon as the ECU receives a signal from any of the wheel speed sensors, it checks all the wheel speed

sensor outputs. If any of the wheel speed sensor signals are not detected, or are incorrect, the ECU will disable the

ABS-TCS Braking System, illuminate the warning lamps and sets a DTC.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–26

Page 5B–26

Once the vehicle speed exceeds 6 km/h, the ECU continuously monitors the ABS-TCS by comparing the logical

sequence of input and output signals with the normal operating parameter stored in the ECU . If any of the input or

output signals are outside the normal operating parameters, the ECU will disable the ABS-TCS Braking System,

illuminate the warning lamps and set a DTC.

ECU Inputs

The ECU constantly monitors and evaluates the input signals from the following components:

• Wheel speed sensors.

• Stop lamp switch.

• Longitudinal accelerometer sensor.

• Ignition ON input.

• Battery voltage.

• Engine speed signal.

• Serial data (input and output).

ECU Output s

Based on the inputs received, the ECU sends output signals to the following ABS-TCS components:

• ABS warning lamp.

• Multifunction Display (MFD) ABS icon, ABS fault, low traction and trac off display.

• Class 2 serial data.

• Diagnostic link.

• hydraulic modulator solenoid valves.

• hydraulic modulator pump motor.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–27

Page 5B–27

ECU Wiring Connector Terminal Assignment

Figure 5B – 19

ECU Wiring Connector Terminal Assignment Legend

1 Rear Right Wheel Speed Sensor – Signal Circ ui t 882 16 Not Used

2 Rear Right Wheel Speed Sensor – Low Ref. Ci rcuit 883 17 Not Used

3 Not Used 18 Longitudinal A ccelerometer – Low Referenc e Ci rcuit 1337

4 Front Right Wheel Speed Sensor – Signal Ci rcuit 872 19 Not Used

5 Front Right Wheel Speed Sensor – Low Ref. Circui t 833 20 Front Left Wheel Speed Sensor – Signal Ci rcuit 830

6 Stop Light Switch – 12 volt s Signal Ci rcuit 20 21 Front Left Wheel Speed Sensor – Low Ref. Circ ui t 873

7 Not Used 22 Rear Left Wheel Speed Sens or – S i gnal Ci rcuit 884

8 12 volts Ignition Supply Volt age – Igniti on Ci rcuit 839 23 Rear Left Wheel Speed Sens or – Low Ref. Ci rcuit 885

9 Not Used 24 Not Used

10 Longitudinal A ccelerometer – Signal Circuit 716 25 Class 2 Serial Data Bus Circ ui t 1045

11 Not Used 26 Not Used

12 Relays, Valves and Pu mp Motor – Main Ground Circuit 350 27 Not Used

13 12 volts Uni nterrupted Suppl y V ol tage – Fuse 103 Circuit

542 28 Longitudinal A ccelerometer – 5 vol ts Ref erence Circuit 1337

14 12 volts Uni nterrupted Suppl y V ol tage – Fuse 36 Circuit

1440 29 Not Used

15 Ground – ECU Ground Circui t 150 30 Not Used

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–28

Page 5B–28

ECU Wiring Diagram

Figure 5B – 20

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–29

Page 5B–29

3.2 Hydraulic Modulator

The Hydraulic Modulator modulates the brake fluid pressure based on the control signal sent by the Electronic Control

Unit (ECU).

To allow individual control of each wheel brake fluid circuit, a four-channel circuit configuration with a front/rear split has

been used. Each of the brake fluid circuits is hydraulically isolated, which enables continued braking ability if a leak

develops in any of the brake fluid circuits. The internal components of the hydraulic modulator consist of the following:

(refer to Figure 5B – 21)

• Four inlet solenoid valves (1).

• Four outlet solenoid valves (2).

• Two isolating solenoid valves (3).

• Two priming solenoid valves (4).

• Two accumulators (5).

• Two one-way valves (6).

• Two hydraulic pumps (7).

• Two dampers (8).

• Pump motor (M)

Figure 5B – 21

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–30

Page 5B–30

3.3 Wheel Speed Sensors

The front and rear wheel speed sensors (1) consist of a

pole pin (2) surrounded with a coil winding (3). The pole pin

tip is positioned pointing to the pulse ring (5) and is

attached to a permanent magnet that projects a magnetic

field (4) towards the pulse ring.

As the wheel turns, the teeth of the pulse ring induces

changes in the magnetic field of the pole pin and the coil

winding. The magnetic flux thereby changes and an

alternating voltage (6) is induced in the coil of the wheel

speed sensor.

The number of turns of the coil, the magnetisation level of

the pole pin and the number of pulse ring teeth are constant

and the only variable is the wheel RPM. Therefore, the

frequency and amplitude of the output signal depend on the

speed of wheel rotation.

The dotted line (7) represents the voltage generated by the

wheel speed sensor versus time (t) at low wheel speed.

The continuous line (8) represents the voltage generated by

the wheel speed sensor versus time (t) at high wheel

speed.

Figure 5B – 22

Testing Wheel Speed Sensor Using an Oscilloscope

Using an oscilloscope to display the output signal voltage of a suspected wheel speed sensor will enable the service

technician to graphically view a pulse ring related wheel speed sensor fault condition that may be difficult to detect

otherwise.

A normal wheel speed sensor signal produces a sine wave

with the height of the amplitude (A) and the width of the

frequency (B) proportional to the wheel speed.

If the pulse ring is out of round or if it is incorrectly aligned

with the wheel speed sensor, the air gap between the wheel

speed sensor and the pulse ring will vary as the wheel

rotates. This fault condition will produce a wheel speed

sensor signal with varying amplitude (2).

If the pulse ring teeth are missing or damaged, the

oscilloscope sine wave pattern will display flat spots (3) that

represent the missing or damaged pulse ring teeth.

Figure 5B – 23

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–31

Page 5B–31

Wheel Speed Sensor Wiring Connect or

Legend

1 Wheel Sensor Wiri ng Connector

A Wheel Sensor Signal Ci rcuit

B Wheel Sensor Low Reference Circ ui t

Figure 5B – 24

Front Wheel Speed Sensor

The front wheel speed sensor (1) in conjunction with a

pulse ring (2) generates an AC signal voltage. The

amplitude and frequency of the signal generated is

proportional to the wheel speed.

Signals generated by the front wheel speed sensor are

transmitted to the Electronic Control Unit (ECU). The ECU

uses this signal voltage to determine the rotational speed of

the front wheels.

The front wheel speed sensor pulse ring is a part of the

front driveshaft constant velocity joint assembly and is not

serviced separately. Refer to Section 4B2 Final Drive.

If the front constant velocity joint requires

replacement, the correct replacement part

must be installed. Otherwise, ABS-TCS

malfunction will occur. Figure 5B – 25

Rear Wheel Speed Sensors

The rear wheel speed sensor (1) in conjunction with a pulse

ring (2) generates an AC signal voltage. The amplitude and

frequency of the signal generated is proportional to the

wheel speed.

Signals generated by the rear wheel speed sensor are

transmitted to the ECU. The ECU uses this signal voltage to

determine the rotational speed of the front wheels.

The rear wheel speed sensor pulse ring is part of the final

drive inner axle flanges and is not serviced separately.

If the final drive inner axle flange requires

replacement, the correct replacement part

must be installed. Otherwise, ABS-TCS

malfunction will occur.

Figure 5B – 26

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–32

Page 5B–32

3.4 Longitudinal Accelerometer

The longitudinal accelerometer consists of differential

capacitors connected to the fixed side plates (1) and a

sprung mass (2) that moves in response to vehicle

acceleration (C).

When the vehicle is stationary (A), the distance between

the sprung mass and the two side plates are equal.

Therefore, the capacitance between the two capacitors are

the same and the longitudinal accelerometer signal voltage

is zero.

As the vehicle accelerates (B), the sprung mass moves

rearward (D). The capacitance between the two capacitors

changes causing the longitudinal accelerometer to produce

a signal voltage with an amplitude proportional to the

movement of the sprung mass.

The signal voltage from the accelerometer is proportional to

the vehicle level of acceleration or deceleration.

Figure 5B – 27

The Longitudinal Accelerometer (1) sends signal voltage,

which the ECU uses to determine the rate of vehicle

acceleration or deceleration. In addition, the longitudinal

accelerometer supports the calculation of the actual vehicle

speed when all four wheels are slipping.

In addition, the ECU monitors and evaluates the longitudinal

accelerometer signal voltage along with the wheel speed

sensor signal voltage to determine the uphill or downhill

gradient.

The longitudinal accelerometer aids the ECU to correctly

identify different driving situations and conditions to

enhance the vehicle's stability, steering control and traction

control.

Figure 5B – 28

Longitudinal Accelerometer Wiring Connector

Legend

1 Longitudinal A ccelerometer Low Referenc e Ci rcuit 1338

2 Longitudinal A ccelerometer Signal Circ ui t 716

3 Longitudinal A ccelerometer 5 Volts Reference Circuit 1337

Figure 5B – 29

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–33

Page 5B–33

3.5 Stop Lamp Switch-A

The stop lamp switch A (1) is a normally open switch that

closes when the brake pedal is depressed.

The ECU uses the stop lamp switch signal voltage to

determine when the brakes pedal is depressed.

For stop lamp switch service operations, refer to

Section 12B Lighting System.

Figure 5B – 30

Stop Lamp Switch-A Wi ri ng Connect or

Legend

1 Stop Lamp Switch-A Wiri ng Connector

A Stop Lamp Switch Signal Vol tage Circuit 20

B Stop Lamp Switch Supply – Fuse F5 Circuit 640

Figure 5B – 31

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–34

Page 5B–34

3.6 AWD ABS – TCS Warning Display

ABS Warning Lamp

The ABS wa rning lamp is located in the instrument cluster

and is a part of the driver warning system.

When the ignition is switched on, the ECU performs self-

test and the ABS warning lamp illuminates. The ABS lamp

should go out after the self-test or approximately 2 seconds.

If the ECU detects a fault in the ABS, the ABS lamp will stay

illuminated to warn the driver of the ABS fault.

Refer to Section 12C Instruments for further information on

the ABS warning lamp operation and diagnostic procedure.

Figure 5B – 32

ABS Fault / Trac Of f Warning Displ ay

If the ECU detects a fault in ABS, ABD or EBD System, the

ABS Fault, ABS Icon and TRAC OFF warning display

activates to warn the driver that ABS, ABD and EBD System

have been disabled. Refer to Section 12C, Instruments for

further information on the ABS Fault / Trac Off warning

display operation and diagnostic procedure.

Figure 5B – 33

Low Traction Warning Di spl ay

If the ECU detects a wheel spin condition and the brakes

are not applied, it switches to ABD Mode and activates the

LOW TRAC warning display to warn the driver of the

situation. Refer to Section 12C Instruments for further

information on the Low Traction warning display operation

and diagnostic procedure.

Figure 5B – 34

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–35

Page 5B–35

3.7 ABS-TCS Fuse Locations

The ABS-TCS fuse location are as follows:

• 50 Amp fusible link (1), F103 is located on the engine

compartment fuse and relay panel assembly (A).

• 25 Amp fuse (2), F36 is located on the engine

compartment fuse and relay panel assembly (A).

• 10 Amp fuse (3), F27 is located on the passenger

compartment fuse and relay panel assembly (B).

Figure 5B – 35

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–36

Page 5B–36

4 AWD ABS-TCS Diagnostics

General Information

The ABS-TCS diagnostic procedure is organised in a logical structure that begins with the ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic

Table. The Main Diagnostic Table provides the following information:

• Identification of the ECU ,

• Condition of the diagnostic circuit,

• Identification and status of the DTCs if present.

In addition, the Main Diagnostic Table will direct the service technician to the next logical step or diagnostic table, which

may again refer the service technician to the next logical step or diagnostic table. This process will continue until the

fault is located and rectified.

However, the diagnostic information covered in this Section covers fault conditions only in the ABS-TCS. If there are

fault conditions with the conventional braking system such as the following; these fault conditions must be corrected

before attempting to rectify any suspected ABS-TCS fault.

• Brake noise,

• Spongy brake pedal feel,

• Brake pedal or vehicle vibration during normal brake application,

• Brake pulling to one side,

• Parking brake problem.

Refer to Section 5A Service and Park Braking Systems for the diagnosis and repair procedure of the conventional

braking system.

4.1 Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Tables

The diagnostic procedure is directed to the Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Tables if there are DTCs currently stored in

the ECU.

The diagnostic tables are designed to locate a faulty circuit or component through a logic based on the process of

elimination. The tables are prepared with the understanding that the vehicle:

• Functioned correctly at the time of assembly,

• There are no multiple faults,

• The problem currently exists.

If there are multiple DTCs stored in the ECU, the diagnostic process must begin with the most likely DTC that may

trigger other DTCs. The following situation is an example of a DTC that may trigger other DTCs to set.

• If there is a battery supply voltage fault condition in the ECU, DTC C0896 Battery Voltage Out of Range may set.

• Insufficient battery supply voltage to an ABS-TCS component such as a solenoid valve coil may cause

incorrect hydraulic modulator operation. This condition will cause incorrect ABS-TCS operation and may

trigger DTC C0121 to set.

• A battery supply voltage to the ECU that is too high may cause damage to other ABS-TCS components. If

this charging system fault condition is not rectified and an ABS-TCS component is replaced, premature

failure of the replacement component may occur.

Therefore, knowledge of the ABS-TCS and Tech 2 Limitations are important to reduce diagnostic time and to prevent

misdiagnosis. Refer to 5.1 Diagnostic Requirements, Precautions and Preliminary Checks and 4.3 Tech 2 ECU

Diagnostic Tests.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–37

Page 5B–37

4.2 Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs)

The ECU performs a self-test that detects and isolates ABS-TCS faults (refer to 3.1 ECU Self-test Initialisation

Sequence). When a fault is detected, the ECU will log a Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) that represents the fault

detected. The DTCs stored in the ECU may be accessed using Tech 2, refer to Section 0C Tech 2 for information on

Tech 2.

NOTE

To warn the driver that there is a fault in the ABS

and/or TCS System and that the ABS and/or

TCS is currently disabled, the ECU sends a

signal to the following instrument cluster warning

lamps or icons to activate:

• ABS warning lamp (1)

• ABS fault (2)

• ABS icon (3)

• TRAC OFF (4)

• Parking brake/brake fail warning lamp (5)

Refer to Section 12C, for further information on

the braking system warning lamps and icon.

Figure 5B – 36

Status of DTCs

The ECU designates the DTCs logged into a Current or History DTC.

Current DTCs

If the fault condition that triggers the DTC is present during the last ECU self-diagnostics, that DTC will be designated as

a current DTC.

History DTCs

If the fault condition that triggers the DTC is not present during the last ECU self-test, that DTC will be designated as a

Histo r y DTC.

Conditions f or Clearing DTCs

• If there is no DTC logged in the current ECU self-test, the current DTC will be cleared.

• If there is no DTC logged after the last ECU self-diagnostics, the ECU deactivates the MFD ABS warning display.

• If there is no DTC logged after 100 consecutive drive cycles, the history DTC will be cleared.

• Use Tech 2 to clear the DTC.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–38

Page 5B–38

4.3 Tech 2 ECU Diagnostic Tests

NOTE

Refer to Section 0C TECH 2 and the Tech 2

Users Manual for detailed information and

instruction regarding the use of Tech 2.

Tech 2 Limitations

Some DTCs trigger other DTCs to set, which cause Tech 2 to display multiple DTCs. Therefore, in those situations,

Tech 2 may display more DTCs than what is needed to rectify a fault.

In addition, when Tech 2 is displaying an ECU Output Function, it displays only the command given by the ECU. If a

connector is disconnected or if a solenoid valve is faulty, that fault will not be registered in the ECU Output Function.

Tech 2 does not verify if the command action took place.

The service technician must understand the system being diagnosed as well as the correct use and limitations of Tech 2

to be able to perform diagnostic procedures efficiently and successfully.

Tech 2 Intermittent Faul t Tests

The following are lists of Tech 2 diagnostic tests that may be used to diagnose intermittent faults:

• Wiggle test the suspected ABS-TCS component wiring harness and connectors while observing the Tech 2

operating parameters of the circuit being tested. If the Tech 2 read-out fluctuates during this procedure, check the

wiring harness circuit for loose connection.

• Road test the vehicle in the conditions that triggers the intermittent fault while an assistant observes the suspected

Tech 2 operating parameter data.

• Capture and store data in the Snapshot mode when the fault occurs. The stored data may be played back at a

slower rate to aid in diagnostics. Refer to the Tech 2 User Instructions for more information on the Snapshot

function.

• Operate suspected ABS-TCS components to test their operation using the Tech 2 Output Control Data.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–39

Page 5B–39

Tech 2 Data List

The Tech 2 ABS-TCS Data List contains the ABS-TCS operating parameters that may be used to analyse the ABS-TCS

operating parameters of the vehicle being diagnosed.

This enables the technician to compare the operating parameter of the vehicle being diagnosed to the typical data value

of a known good vehicle.

NOTE

The Tech 2 Data List Typical Data Values are

obtained from a properly operating vehicle under

the following conditions;

• Ignition switched on.

• Engine not running,

• Vehicle is stationary.

Tech 2 Data List Table

Tech 2 Parameter Units Displayed Typical Data Value

Battery Voltage Volts B+

ABS Active Yes / No No

EBD Active (Electronic Brake-force Distribution) Yes / No No

EBD Disabled (Electronic Brake-force Distribution) Yes / No No

Valve Relay Inactive / Active Active

Motor Relay Inactive / Active Inactive

Brake Switch Inactive / Active Inactive

Front Left Wheel Speed km/h 0

Front Right Wheel Speed km/h 0

Rear Left Wheel Speed km/h 0

Rear Right Wheel Speed km/h 0

Front Left Inlet Valve Inactive / Active Inactive

Front Left Outlet Valve Inactive / Active Inactive

Front Right Inlet Valve Inactive / Active Inactive

Front Right Outlet Valve Inactive / Active Inactive

Rear Left Inlet Valve Inactive / Active Inactive

Rear Left Outlet Valve Inactive / Active Inactive

Rear Right Inlet Valve Inactive / Active Inactive

Rear Right Outlet Valve Inactive / Active Inactive

FL/FR TC Priming Valve (Front Left/Front Right) Inactive / Active Inactive

FL/FR TC Switch Over Valve (Front Left/Front Right) Inactive / Active Inactive

RL/RR TC Priming Valve (Rear Left/ Rear Right) Inactive / Active Inactive

RL/RR TC Switch Over Valve (Rear Left/ Rear Right) Inactive / Active Inactive

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–40

Page 5B–40

5 AWD ABS-TCS Diagnostic

Starting Point

5.1 Diagnostic Requirements, Precautions

and Preliminary Checks

Basic Knowledge Requi red

A lack of basic understanding regarding

electronics, electrical wiring circuits and use

of electrical circuit testing tools when

performing the ABS-TCS diagnostic

procedures could result in incorrect

diagnostic results or damage to components.

A general understanding of basic electronics, electrical wiring circuits and the correct use of the basic ABS-TCS System

electrical circuit testing tools is required to perform the diagnostic procedures detailed in this Section. Refer to

Section 12P Wiring Diagrams .

In addition, a general understanding of the ABS-TCS and its component operation is essential to prevent misdiagnosis

and component damage.

Basic Diagnosti c Tools Required

Use of incorrect electrical circuit diagnostic

tools when performing the ABS-TCS

diagnostic procedures could result in

incorrect diagnostic results or damage to

components.

The following electrical circuit testing tools are required to perform the diagnostic procedures detailed in this Section.

• Tech 2, refer to Section 0C Tech 2.

• Test light, refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams.

• Digital multimeter with 10 mega ohms impedance, refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams.

• Connector test adapter kit Tool No. J35616-A.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–41

Page 5B–41

Diagnostic Precaut ions

In addition to the safety and precautionary

measures listed in the Service Operation

Safety and Precautionary Measures, (refer to

9.1 Safety and Precautionary Measures) the

following Diagnostic Precautions must be

observed when performing any ABS-TCS

diagnostic procedure:

1 If there is a fault condition in the conventional braking system, rectify that fault condition before proceeding with

the ABS-TCS diagnostics.

2 Use only the test equipment specified in the diagnostic tables, other test equipment may either give incorrect

results or may damage good components.

3 The vehicle drive wheels must be chocked and the parking brake firmly applied while checking any system.

4 Do not clear any DTCs unless instructed.

5 The fault must be present when using the Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Diagnostic Tables. Otherwise,

misdiagnosis or replacement of good parts may occur.

6 Always use connector adaptors such as those contained in Connector test adapter kit Tool No. J35616-A to

prevent connector terminal damage.

7 Thorough inspection of the wiring circuits and connectors that are part of diagnostic procedure must be performed,

otherwise misdiagnosis may occur.

8 Inspect the electrical circuitry or connector terminals that are suspected to be causing the complaint for the

following conditions:

• Backed-out connector terminals,

• Improper wiring connector mating,

• Broken wiring connector locks,

• Damaged connector terminals, and

• Physical damage to the wiring harness.

9 Before replacing a component, inspect its connector terminal for corrosion or deformation that may cause the fault

condition.

10 If Tech 2 was used for diagnosis, disconnect it from the DLC and switch the ignition off for at least 10 seconds

before road testing. This is necessary to reset the ABS/TCS control module as it is disabled during most Tech 2

diagnostic procedures.

11 After completing the required diagnostic and repair operations, road test the vehicle to ensure proper ABS/TCS

operation.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–42

Page 5B–42

Prelimi nary Checks

The ABS-TCS Preliminary Checks is an examination of easily accessible components that could cause problems with

the ABS-TCS. This visual and physical inspection procedure may quickly identify the fault condition and eliminate the

need for additional diagnosis.

• Refer to Service Techlines for relevant information regarding the fault condition.

• Ensure that only the recommended tyres and wheel size are fitted to the vehicle.

• Check the hydraulic modulator for external leaks.

• Check the ABS fuses. Refer to 3.7 ABS-TCS Fuse Locations.

• Check the ABS-TCS warning lamp fuse and stop lamp fuse. Refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams.

• Ensure that the battery is fully charged.

• Check the battery connections for corrosion or a loose terminal.

• Perform a visual and physical inspection of the following ECU system:

• ABS-TCS component wiring harness and term inals for proper connections, pinches or cuts.

• Wiring harness routing which may be positioned very close to a high voltage or high current device such as

the following:

• Secondary ignition components

• Motors and generators

NOTE

High voltage or high current devices may induce

electrical noise on a circuit, which can interfere

with normal circuit operation.

• ABS-TCS related components for poor mating of the connector halves or a terminal not fully seated in the

connector body.

• ABS-TCS components are sensitive to Electro-magnetic Interference (EMI). Check for incorrect aftermarket

theft deterrent devices, lights or mobile phone installations if an intermittent malfunction is suspected.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–43

Page 5B–43

5.2 AWD ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table

Step Action Yes No

1 Did you meet the basic diagnostic requirements, read the diagnostic

precautions and performed the preliminary checks listed in 5.1

Diagnostic Requirements, Precautions and Preliminary Checks?

Go to Step 2

Refer to

5.1 Diagnostic

Requirements,

Precautions and

Preliminary Checks.

2 1 Switch on the ignition wi th the engine not running.

2 Using Tech 2, attempt to communicate with the ECU , BCM,

PCM, PIM and the Instrument Cluster Assembly.

3 View all DTCs.

4 Record DTCs set by each module.

Did any of the control modules fail to communicate?

Refer to

4.2 Serial Data

Communication in

Section 12J. Go to Step 3

3 Did Tech 2 display any Serial Data Communication related DTCs? Refer to

8 Diagnostic Link

Communication

Diagnostics Go to Step 4

4 Did Tech 2 display any DTCs? If there are multiple

DTC listed, begin

diagnosing the DTC

that can trigger

other DTCs to set or

to a DTC that is

most likely to cause

the customer's

concern.

Refer to 6 AWD

ABS-TCS

Intermittent

Conditions

When all diagnosis and repairs are completed, check the system for correct operation.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–44

Page 5B–44

6 AWD ABS-TCS

Intermittent Condi tions

6.1 Description

A fault condition is intermittent if one of the following exists:

• The fault condition is not always present.

• The fault condition cannot be presently duplicated.

• There is no Current DTC but a History DTC is stored.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–45

Page 5B–45

6.2 AWD ABS-TCS Intermittent Conditions

Diagnostic Table

Checks Actions

Preliminary • Perform the Preliminary Checks. Refer to 5.1 Diagnostic Requirements,

Precautions and Preliminary Checks.

• Gather information from the customer regarding the conditions that trigger the

intermittent fault such as:

• At what vehicle speed range does the fault occur?

• Does the fault occur when operating aftermarket electrical equipment inside

the vehicle?

• Does the fault occur on rough roads or in wet road conditions?

• If a wheel speed sensor fault condition is present only during wet road

conditions, inspect the wheel speed sensor electrical circuit for signs of

water intrusion. If the DTC is not current, simulate the effect of a wet road

condition by performing the following:

1 Mix two teaspoons of salt with 35 ml water.

2 Spray the saltwater solution to the suspected area.

3 Road test the vehicle at various road conditions.

4 Accelerate the vehicle at speed above 40 km/h for at least 30

seconds.

5 If the suspected wheel speed sensor DTC sets, replace the suspected

wheel speed sensor.

Harness/ Connector Install Tech 2 and perform the Tech 2 Intermittent Fault Tests. Refer to 4.3 ECU

Diagnostic Tests.

Malfunction Indicator Lamp The following condition may cause an intermittent Malfunction Indicator Lamp fault with

no DTC listed.

• Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) caused by a faulty relay.

• Incorrect installation of aftermarket electrical equipment such as the following:

• Mobile phones

• Theft deterrent alarms

• Lights

• Radio equipment

• Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) circuit is intermittently shorted to ground.

• ECU ground connections are loose.

Wheel Speed Sensors • Visually inspect wheel speed sensors and pulse rings for looseness, damage,

foreign material accumulation and proper mounting. Replace damaged

components, remove any foreign material and/or properly attach loose

components.

• Check for correct wiring harness routing of the front wheel speed sensor.

Ensure that it is not positioned too close to spark plug leads. Refer to Section

6C3, Ignition System for the correct spark plug lead routing.

• Measure the resistance of the spark plug leads, refer to Section 6C3 Ignition

System. Replace faulty spark plug leads.

• With the aid of an assistant, monitor the Tech 2 wheel speed sensor data display

while test driving the vehicle. Check for any wheel speed sensor that displays

erratic speed range.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–46

Page 5B–46

Checks Actions

Additional Tests • Incorrect installation of aftermarket electrical equipment such as the following:

• Mobile phones

• Theft deterrent alarms

• Lights

• Radio equipment

• Electro-magnetic Interference (EMI) caused by a faulty relay. The fault is triggered

when the relay or solenoid is activated.

• Test the A/C compressor clutch and some relays that contain a clamping diode or

resistor.

• Test the generator for a faulty rectifier bridge that may allow the A/C noise into the

ECU electrical circuit

When all diagnosis and repairs are completed, check the system for correct operation.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–47

Page 5B–47

7 AWD ABS-TCS DTC Tables

7.1 DTC C0035 – Front Left Wheel Speed

Sensor Short or Open Circuit

Circuit Descri ption

The ECU supplies ground to the wheel speed sensor low reference circuit 873.

The wheel speed sensor in conjunction with a pulse ring generates an AC signal voltage. The amplitude and frequency

of the signal generated is proportional to the wheel speed. The ECU monitors each wheel speed sensor signal circuit to

determine the speed of each wheel.

If the ECU detects a short to voltage or an open circuit condition in the front left wheel speed sensor signal circuit 830,

and/or low reference circuit 873 DTC C0035 sets.

Figure 5B – 37

Diagnostic Aids

Conditions for Running DTC C0035

The ignition is switched on.

Conditions for Setting DTC C0035

If there is a short to voltage or open circuit fault condition in the front left wheel speed sensor signal circuit 830 or low

reference circuit 873.

Action Taken When DTC C0035 Sets

• The ECU disables the ABS-TCS for the duration of the ignition cycle.

• The ABS wa rning lam p , the ABS warning icon and the trac-off icon activates.

• The brake failure lamp activates.

Additional information

• Refer to 4.2 DTCs for information on the conditions for clearing DTCs.

• High voltage or high current devices such as spark plugs and spark plug wires may induce electrical noise on the

front left wheel speed sensor circuit. This electrical noise can interfere with normal wheel speed sensor operation.

Ensure that the wheel speed sensor wiring harness is routed away from these high voltage or high current

devices.

• For intermittent fault conditions, refer to 6 Intermittent Conditions.

• Refer to Figure 5B – 38 for ECU and wheel speed sensor connector illustrations.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–48

Page 5B–48

Figure 5B – 38

Test Description

Step 2 This Step verifies if the fault is currently present.

Step 3 This Step tests the front left wheel speed sensor internal circuitry.

Step 5 This Step tests the front left wheel speed sensor output voltage capacity.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–49

Page 5B–49

DTC C0035 Diagnostic Table

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

1 Was the ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table performed? – Go to Step 2 Refer to

5.5 ABS-TCS Ma in

Diagnostic Starting

Point.

2 1 Using Tech 2, observe the Freeze Frame / Failure

Record for this DTC.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Road test the vehicle within the conditions for

running this DTC or within the conditions in the

Freeze Frame/Failure Record.

Did DTC C0035 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 3

Refer to DTC C0035

Additional

Information.

3 1 Disconnect the front left wheel speed sensor

connector.

2 Using a digital multimeter, measure the resistance

across the wheel speed sensor connector.

Is the resistance within the specified range? 1.4 - 1.8 kΩ

@ 20°c Go to Step 4 Go to Step 9

4 1 Raise the front of the vehicle and support on

safety stands. Refer to Section 0A General

Information for location of the jacking points.

2 Connect an oscilloscope to the front left wheel

speed sensor connector terminals.

3 Spin the front left wheel.

4 Observe the wheel speed sensor output signal

pattern. Refer to 3.3 Wheel Speed Sensors.

NOTE

If an oscilloscope is not available, perform

the following visual inspection:

• Inspect the front left wheel speed sensor

pulse ring for damaged teeth.

• While rotating the front left wheel, check

the wheel speed sensor alignment to the

pulse ring.

• Check the front left wheel speed sensor

run-out.

• Check the front left wheel speed sensor

or pulse ring for dirt or other

contaminants that may affect its

operation.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 5

5 1 Using a digital multimeter, measure the AC signal

voltage across the front left wheel speed sensor

connector while spinning the front left wheel.

Is the voltage more than the specified value?

100 mV

Go to Step 6 Go to Step 9

6 Inspect for poor wiring connection at the front left wheel

speed sensor wiring connector. Refer to Section 12P

Wiring Diagrams for information on testing wiring

circuits.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 7

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–50

Page 5B–50

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

7 Test the wheel speed sensor signal circuit 830 and low

reference circuit 873 for a high resistance, open circuit,

short to voltage, short to ground or shorted together

condition. Refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams for

information on wiring circuit testing and repair.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 8

8 Inspect for poor connections at the ECU wiring

connector. Refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams for

information on wiring circuit testing and repair.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 10

9 Replace the front left wheel speed sensor. Refer to

9.5 Front Left Wheel Speed Sensor.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 11 –

10 Replace the ECU . Refer to 9.3 ECU /hydraulic

modulator.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 11 –

11 1 Using Tech 2, clear the DTCs.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

running DTC C0035.

Did DTC C0035 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 2 Go to Step 12

12 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Are there any DTC displayed? – Go to the

appropriate DTC

Table. System OK

When all diagnosis and repairs are completed, check the system for correct operation.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–51

Page 5B–51

7.2 DTC C0036 – Front Left Wheel Speed

Sensor Signal Correlation

Circuit Descri ption

The ECU supplies ground to the front left wheel speed sensor low reference circuit 873.

The wheel speed sensor in conjunction with a pulse ring generates an AC signal voltage. The amplitude and frequency

of the signal generated is proportional to the wheel speed. The ECU monitors the wheel speed sensor signal voltage to

determine the wheel speed of each wheel.

DTC C0036 sets if the ECU detects a plausibility error and/or a short to ground condition in the front left wheel speed

sensor signal circuit 830 and there is a deviation of more than 6 km/h between the front left wheel speed and reference

vehicle speed.

Figure 5B – 39

Diagnostic Aids

Conditions for Running DTC C0036

• The ignition is switched on.

• Vehicle speed is approximately over 40 km/h.

• Brake pedal is not depressed.

• ABS-TCS is not active.

Conditions for Setting DTC C0036

If the front left wheel speed sensor signal circuit 830 is shorted to ground and the ECU detects a deviation of more than

6 km/h between the front left wheel speed and the reference vehicle speed.

Action Taken when DTC C0036 Sets

• The ECU disables the ABS-TCS for the duration of the ignition cycle.

• The ABS wa rning lam p , the ABS warning icon and the trac-off icon activates.

• The brake failure lamp activates.

Additional information

• Refer to 4.2 DTCs for information on the conditions for clearing DTCs.

• High voltage or high current devices such as spark plugs and spark plug wires may induce electrical noise on the

front left wheel speed sensor circuit. This electrical noise can interfere with normal wheel speed sensor operation.

Ensure that the wheel speed sensor wiring harness is routed away from these high voltage or high current

devices.

• For intermittent fault conditions, refer to 6 Intermittent Conditions.

• Refer to Figure 5B – 40 for the ECU and wheel speed sensor connector illustrations.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–52

Page 5B–52

Figure 5B – 40

Test Description

Step 2 This Step verifies if the fault is currently present.

Step 3 This Step tests the front left wheel speed sensor internal circuitry.

Step 5 This Step tests the front left wheel speed sensor output voltage capacity.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–53

Page 5B–53

DTC C0036 Diagnostic Table

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

1 Was the ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table performed? – Go to Step 2 Refer to

5.5 ABS-TCS Ma in

Diagnostic Starting

Point.

2 1 Using Tech 2, observe the Freeze Frame / Failure

Record for this DTC

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Road test the vehicle within the conditions for

running this DTC or within the conditions in the

Freeze Frame/Failure Record.

Did DTC C0036 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 3

Refer to DTC C0036

Additional

Information.

3 1 Disconnect the front left wheel speed sensor

connector.

2 Using a digital multimeter, measure the resistance

across the wheel speed sensor connector.

Is the resistance within the specified range? 1.4 - 1.8 kΩ

@ 20°c Go to Step 4 Go to Step 9

4 1 Raise the front of the vehicle and support on

safety stands. Refer to Section 0A General

Information for location of the jacking points.

2 Connect an oscilloscope to the front left wheel

speed sensor connector terminals.

3 Spin the front left wheel.

4 Observe the wheel speed sensor output signal

pattern. Refer to 3.3 Wheel Speed Sensors.

NOTE

If an oscilloscope is not available, perform

the following visual inspection:

• Inspect the front left wheel speed sensor

pulse ring for damaged teeth

• While rotating the front left wheel, check

the wheel speed sensor alignment to the

pulse ring.

• Check the front left wheel speed sensor

run-out.

• Check the front left wheel speed sensor

or pulse ring for dirt or other

contaminants that may affect its

operation.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 5

5 1 Using a digital multimeter, measure the AC signal

voltage across the front left wheel speed sensor

connector while spinning the front left wheel.

Is the voltage more than the specified value? 100 mV Go to Step 6 Go to Step 9

6 Inspect for poor wiring connection at the front left wheel

speed sensor wiring connector. Refer to Section 12P

Wiring Diagrams for information on testing wiring

circuits.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 7

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–54

Page 5B–54

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

7 Test the wheel speed sensor signal circuit 830 and low

reference circuit 873 for a high resistance, open circuit,

short to voltage, short to ground or shorted together

condition. Refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams for

information on wiring circuit testing and repair.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 8

8 Inspect for poor connections at the ECU wiring

connector. Refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams for

information on wiring circuit testing and repair.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 10

9 Replace the front left wheel speed sensor. Refer to

9.5 Front Left Wheel Speed Sensor.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 11 –

1 Replace the ECU . Refer to 9.3 ECU /hydraulic

modulator.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 11 –

11 1 Using Tech 2, clear the DTCs.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

running DTC C0036.

Did DTC C0036 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 2 Go to Step 12

12 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Are there any DTC displayed? – Go to the

appropriate

DTC Table. System OK

When all diagnosis and repairs are completed, check the system for correct operation.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–55

Page 5B–55

7.3 DTC C0040 – Front Right Wheel Speed

Sensor Short or Open Circuit

Circuit Descri ption

The ECU supplies ground to the front right wheel speed sensor low reference circuit 833.

The wheel speed sensor in conjunction with a pulse ring generates an AC signal voltage. The amplitude and frequency

of the signal generated is proportional to the wheel speed. The ECU monitors each wheel speed sensor signal voltage

to determine the speed of each wheel.

If the ECU detects a short to voltage or an open circuit condition in the front right wheel speed sensor signal circuit 872,

and/or low reference circuit 833 DTC C0040 sets.

Figure 5B – 41

Diagnostic Aids

Conditions for Running DTC C0040

The ignition is switched on.

Conditions for Setting DTC C0040

If there is a short to voltage or open circuit fault condition in the front right wheel speed sensor signal circuit 872 or low

reference circuit 833.

Action Taken When DTC C0040 Sets

• The ECU disables the ABS-TCS for the duration of the ignition cycle.

• The ABS wa rning lam p , the ABS warning icon and the trac-off icon activates.

• The brake failure lamp activates.

Additional information

• Refer to 4.2 DTCs for information on the conditions for clearing DTCs.

• High voltage or high current devices such as spark plugs and spark plug wires may induce electrical noise on the

wheel speed sensor circuit. This electrical noise can interfere with normal wheel speed sensor operation. Ensure

that the front right wheel speed sensor wiring harness is routed away from these high voltage or high current

devices.

• For intermittent fault conditions, refer to 6 Intermittent Conditions.

• Refer to Figure 5B – 42 for the ECU and wheel speed sensor connector illustrations.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–56

Page 5B–56

Figure 5B – 42

Test Description

Step 2 This Step verifies if the fault is currently present.

Step 3 This Step tests the front right wheel speed sensor internal circuitry.

Step 5 This Step tests the front right wheel speed sensor output voltage capacity.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–57

Page 5B–57

DTC C0040 Diagnostic Table

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

1 Was the ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table performed? – Go to Step 2 Refer to

5.5 ABS-TCS Ma in

Diagnostic Starting

Point.

2 1 Using Tech 2, observe the Freeze Frame / Failure

Record for this DTC.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Road test the vehicle within the conditions for

running this DTC or within the conditions in the

Freeze Frame/Failure Record.

Did DTC C0040 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 3

Refer to DTC C0040

Additional

Information.

3 1 Disconnect the front right wheel speed sensor

connector.

2 Using a digital multimeter, measure the resistance

across the wheel speed sensor connector.

Is the resistance within the specified range? 1.4 - 1.8 kΩ

@ 20°c Go to Step 4 Go to Step 9

4 1 Raise the front of the vehicle and support on

safety stands. Refer to Section 0A General

Information for location of the jacking points.

2 Connect an oscilloscope to the front right wheel

speed sensor connector terminals.

3 Spin the front right wheel.

4 Observe the wheel speed sensor output signal

pattern. Refer to 3.3 Wheel Speed Sensors.

NOTE

If an oscilloscope is not available, perform

the following visual inspection:

• Inspect the front right wheel speed

sensor pulse ring for damaged teeth.

• While rotating the front right wheel,

check the wheel speed sensor alignment

to the pulse ring.

• Check the front right wheel speed

sensor run-out.

• Check the front right wheel speed

sensor or pulse ring for dirt or other

contaminants that may affect its

operation.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 5

5 1 Using a digital multimeter, measure the AC signal

voltage across the front right wheel speed sensor

connector while spinning the front right wheel.

Is the voltage more than the specified value? 100 mV Go to Step 6 Go to Step 9

6 Inspect for poor wiring connection at the front right

wheel speed sensor wiring connector. Refer to Section

12P Wiring Diagrams for information on testing wiring

circuits.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 7

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–58

Page 5B–58

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

7 Test the front right wheel speed sensor signal circuit

872 and low reference circuit 833 for a high resistance,

open circuit, short to voltage, short to ground or shorted

together condition. Refer to Section 12P Wiring

Diagrams for information on wiring circuit testing and

repair.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 8

8 Inspect for poor connections at the ECU wiring

connector. Refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams for

information on wiring circuit testing and repair.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 10

9 Replace the front right wheel speed sensor. Refer to

9.4 Front Right Wheel Speed Sensor.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 11 –

10 Replace the ECU . Refer to 9.3 ECU /hydraulic

modulator.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 11 –

11 1 Using Tech 2, clear the DTCs.

2 Switch off the ignition for 30 seconds.

3 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

running DTC C0040.

Did DTC C0040 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 2 Go to Step 12

12 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Are there any DTC displayed? – Go to the

appropriate DTC

Table. System OK

When all diagnosis and repairs are completed, check the system for correct operation.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–59

Page 5B–59

7.4 DTC C0041 – Front Right Wheel Speed

Sensor Signal Correlation

Circuit Descri ption

The ECU supplies ground to the front right wheel speed sensor low reference circuit 833.

The wheel speed sensor in conjunction with a pulse ring generates an AC signal voltage. The amplitude and frequency

of the signal generated is proportional to the wheel speed. The ECU monitors the wheel speed sensor signal voltage to

determine the wheel speed of each wheel.

DTC C0041 sets if the ECU detects a plausibility error and/or a short to ground condition in the front right wheel speed

sensor signal circuit 872 and there is a deviation of more than 6 km/h between the front right wheel speed and reference

vehicle speed.

Figure 5B – 43

Diagnostic Aids

Conditions for Running DTC C0041

• The ignition is switched on.

• Vehicle speed is approximately over 40 km/h.

• Brake pedal is not depressed.

• ABS-TCS is not active.

Conditions for Setting DTC C0041

If the front right wheel speed sensor signal circuit 872 is shorted to ground and the ECU detects a deviation of more

than 6 km/h between the front right wheel speed and the reference vehicle speed.

Action Taken when DTC C0041 Sets

• The ECU disables the ABS-TCS for the duration of the ignition cycle.

• The ABS wa rning lam p , the ABS warning icon and the trac-off icon activates.

• The brake failure lamp activates.

Additional information

• Refer to 4.2 DTCs for information on the conditions for clearing DTCs.

• High voltage or high current devices such as spark plugs and spark plug wires may induce electrical noise on the

front right wheel speed sensor circuit. This electrical noise can interfere with normal wheel speed sensor

operation. Ensure that the wheel speed sensor wiring harness is routed away from these high voltage or high

current devices.

• For intermittent fault conditions, refer to 6 Intermittent Conditions.

• Refer to Figure 5B – 44 for the ECU and wheel speed sensor connector illustrations.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–60

Page 5B–60

Figure 5B – 44

Test Description

Step 2 This Step verifies if the fault is currently present.

Step 3 This Step tests the front right wheel speed sensor internal circuitry.

Step 5 This Step tests the front right wheel speed sensor output voltage capacity.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–61

Page 5B–61

DTC C0041 Diagnostic Table

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

1 Was the ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table performed? – Go to Step 2 Refer to

5.5 ABS-TCS Ma in

Diagnostic Starting

Point.

2 1 Using Tech 2, observe the Freeze Frame / Failure

Record for this DTC.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Road test the vehicle within the conditions for

running this DTC or within the conditions in the

Freeze Frame/Failure Record.

Did DTC C0041 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 3

Refer to DTC C0041

Additional

Information.

3 1 Disconnect the front right wheel speed sensor

connector.

2 Using a digital multimeter, measure the resistance

across the wheel speed sensor connector.

Is the resistance within the specified range? 1.4 - 1.8 kΩ

@ 20°c Go to Step 4 Go to Step 9

4 1 Raise the front of the vehicle and support on

safety stands. Refer to Section 0A General

Information for location of the jacking points.

2 Connect an oscilloscope to the front right wheel

speed sensor connector terminals.

3 Spin the front right wheel.

4 Observe the wheel speed sensor output signal

pattern. Refer to 3.3 Wheel Speed Sensors.

NOTE

If an oscilloscope is not available, perform

the following visual inspection:

• Inspect the front right wheel speed

sensor pulse ring for damaged teeth

• While rotating the front right wheel,

check the wheel speed sensor alignment

to the pulse ring.

• Check the front right wheel speed

sensor run-out.

• Check the front right wheel speed

sensor or pulse ring for dirt or other

contaminants that may affect its

operation.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 5

5 1 Using a digital multimeter, measure the AC signal

voltage across the front right wheel speed sensor

connector while spinning the front right wheel.

Is the voltage more than the specified value?

100 mV

Go to Step 6 Go to Step 9

6 Inspect for poor wiring connection at the front right

wheel speed sensor wiring connector. Refer to Section

12P Wiring Diagrams for information on testing wiring

circuits.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 7

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–62

Page 5B–62

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

7 Test the wheel speed sensor signal circuit 872 and low

reference circuit 833 for a high resistance, open circuit,

short to voltage, short to ground or shorted together

condition. Refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams for

information on wiring circuit testing and repair.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 8

8 Inspect for poor connections at the ECU wiring

connector. Refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams for

information on wiring circuit testing and repair.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 10

9 Replace the front right wheel speed sensor. Refer to

9.4 Front Right Wheel Speed Sensor.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 11 –

10 Replace the ECU . Refer to 9.3 ECU /hydraulic

modulator.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 11 –

11 1 Using Tech 2, clear the DTCs.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

running DTC C0041.

Did DTC C0041 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 2 Go to Step 12

12 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Are there any DTC displayed? – Go to the

appropriate DTC

Table. System OK

When all diagnosis and repairs are completed, check the system for correct operation.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–63

Page 5B–63

7.5 DTC C0045 – Rear Left Wheel Speed

Sensor Short or Open Circuit

Circuit Descri ption

The ECU supplies ground to the rear left wheel speed sensor low reference circuit 885.

The wheel speed sensor in conjunction with a pulse ring generates an AC signal voltage. The amplitude and frequency

of the signal generated is proportional to the wheel speed. The ECU monitors each wheel speed sensor signal voltage

to determine the speed of each wheel.

If the ECU detects a short to voltage or an open circuit condition in the rear left wheel speed sensor signal circuit 884

and/or low reference circuit 885 DTC C0045 sets.

Figure 5B – 45

Diagnostic Aids

Conditions for Running DTC C0045

The ignition is switched on.

Conditions for Setting DTC C0045

If there is a short to voltage or open circuit fault condition in the rear left wheel speed sensor signal circuit 884 or low

reference circuit 885.

Action Taken When DTC C0045 Sets

• The ECU disables the ABS-TCS for the duration of the ignition cycle.

• The ABS wa rning lam p , the ABS warning icon and the trac-off icon activates.

• The brake failure lamp activates.

Additional information

• Refer to 4.2 DTCs for information on the conditions for clearing DTCs.

• High voltage or high current devices such as spark plugs and spark plug wires may induce electrical noise on the

rear left wheel speed sensor circuit. This electrical noise can interfere with normal wheel speed sensor operation.

Ensure that the wheel speed sensor wiring harness is routed away from these high voltage or high current

devices.

• For intermittent fault conditions, refer to 6 Intermittent Conditions.

• Refer to Figure 5B – 46 for the ECU and wheel speed sensor connector illustrations.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–64

Page 5B–64

Figure 5B – 46

Test Description

Step 2 This Step verifies if the fault is currently present.

Step 3 This Step tests the rear left wheel speed sensor internal circuitry.

Step 5 This Step tests the rear left wheel speed sensor output voltage capacity.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–65

Page 5B–65

DTC C0045 Diagnostic Table

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

1 Was the ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table performed? – Go to Step 2 Refer to

5.5 ABS-TCS Ma in

Diagnostic Starting

Point.

2 1 Using Tech 2, observe the Freeze Frame / Failure

Record for this DTC.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Road test the vehicle within the conditions for

running this DTC or within the conditions in the

Freeze Frame/Failure Record.

Did DTC C0045 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 3

Refer to DTC C0045

Additional

Information.

3 1 Disconnect the rear left wheel speed sensor

connector.

2 Using a digital multimeter, measure the resistance

across the rear left wheel speed sensor

connector.

Is the resistance within the specified range? 1.4 - 1.8 kΩ

@ 20°c Go to Step 4 Go to Step 9

4 1 Raise the rear of the vehicle and support on

safety stands. Refer to Section 0A General

Information for location of the jacking points.

2 Connect an oscilloscope to the rear left wheel

speed sensor connector terminals.

3 Spin the rear left wheel.

4 Observe the wheel speed sensor output signal

pattern. Refer to 3.3 Wheel Speed Sensors.

NOTE

If an oscilloscope is not available, perform

the following visual inspection:

• Inspect the rear left wheel speed sensor

pulse ring for damaged teeth

• While rotating the rear left wheel, check

the wheel speed sensor alignment to the

pulse ring.

• Check the rear left wheel speed sensor

run-out.

• Check the rear left wheel speed sensor

or pulse ring for dirt or other

contaminants that may affect its

operation.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 5

5 1 Using a digital multimeter, measure the AC signal

voltage across the rear left wheel speed sensor

connector while spinning the rear left wheel.

Is the voltage more than the specified value?

100 mV

Go to Step 6 Go to Step 9

6 Inspect for poor wiring connection at the rear left wheel

speed sensor wiring connector. Refer to Section 12P

Wiring Diagrams for information on testing wiring

circuits.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 7

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–66

Page 5B–66

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

7 Test the rear left wheel speed sensor signal circuit 884

and low reference circuit 885 for a high resistance,

open circuit, short to voltage, short to ground or shorted

together condition. Refer to Section 12P Wiring

Diagrams for information on wiring circuit testing and

repair.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 8

8 Inspect for poor connections at the ECU wiring

connector. Refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams for

information on wiring circuit testing and repair.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 10

9 Replace the rear left wheel speed sensor. Refer to

9.6 Rear Wheel Speed Sensor.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 11 –

10 Replace the ECU . Refer to 9.3 ECU /hydraulic

modulator.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 11 –

11 1 Using Tech 2, clear the DTCs.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

running DTC C0045.

Did DTC C0045 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 2 Go to Step 12

12 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Are there any DTC displayed? – Go to the

appropriate DTC

Table. System OK

When all diagnosis and repairs are completed, check the system for correct operation.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–67

Page 5B–67

7.6 DTC C0046 – Rear Left Wheel Speed

Sensor Signal Correlation

Circuit Descri ption

The ECU supplies ground to the rear left wheel speed sensor low reference circuit 885.

The wheel speed sensor in conjunction with a pulse ring generates an AC signal voltage. The amplitude and frequency

of the signal generated is proportional to the wheel speed. The ECU monitors the wheel speed sensor signal voltage to

determine the wheel speed of each wheel.

DTC C0046 sets if the ECU detects a plausibility error and/or a short to ground condition in the rear left wheel speed

sensor signal circuit 884 and there is a deviation of more than 6 km/h between the rear left wheel speed and reference

vehicle speed.

Figure 5B – 47

Diagnostic Aids

Conditions for Running DTC C0046

• The ignition is switched on.

• Vehicle speed is approximately over 40 km/h.

• Brake pedal is not depressed.

• ABS-TCS is not active.

Conditions for Setting DTC C0046

If the rear left wheel speed sensor signal circuit 884 is shorted to ground and the ECU detects a deviation of more than

6 km/h between the rear left wheel speed and the reference vehicle speed.

Action Taken When DTC C0046 Sets

• The ECU disables the ABS-TCS for the duration of the ignition cycle.

• The ABS wa rning lam p , the ABS warning icon and the trac-off icon activates.

• The brake failure lamp activates.

Additional information

• Refer to 4.2 DTCs for information on the conditions for clearing DTCs.

• High voltage or high current devices such as spark plugs and spark plug wires may induce electrical noise on the

rear left wheel speed sensor circuit. This electrical noise can interfere with normal wheel speed sensor operation.

Ensure that the wheel speed sensor wiring harness is routed away from these high voltage or high current

devices.

• For intermittent fault conditions, refer to 6 Intermittent Conditions.

• Refer to Figure 5B – 48 for the ECU and wheel speed sensor connector illustrations.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–68

Page 5B–68

Figure 5B – 48

Test Description

Step 2 This Step verifies if the fault is currently present.

Step 3 This Step tests the rear left wheel speed sensor internal circuitry.

Step 5 This Step tests the rear left wheel speed sensor output voltage capacity.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–69

Page 5B–69

DTC C0046 Diagnostic Table

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

1 Was the ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table performed? – Go to Step 2 Refer to

5.5 ABS-TCS Ma in

Diagnostic Starting

Point.

2 1 Using Tech 2, observe the Freeze Frame / Failure

Record for this DTC

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Road test the vehicle within the conditions for

running this DTC or within the conditions in the

Freeze Frame/Failure Record.

Did DTC C0046 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 3

Refer to DTC C0046

Additional

Information.

3 1 Disconnect the rear left wheel speed sensor

connector.

2 Using a digital multimeter, measure the resistance

across the wheel speed sensor connector.

Is the resistance within the specified range? 1.4 - 1.8 kΩ

@ 20°c Go to Step 4 Go to Step 9

4 1 Raise the rear of the vehicle and support on

safety stands, Refer to Section 0A General

Information for location of the jacking points.

2 Connect an oscilloscope to the rear left wheel

speed sensor connector terminals.

3 Spin the rear left wheel.

4 Observe the wheel speed sensor output signal

pattern. Refer to 3.3 Wheel Speed Sensors.

NOTE

If an oscilloscope is not available, perform

the following visual inspection:

• Inspect the rear left wheel speed sensor

pulse ring for damaged teeth

• While rotating the rear left wheel, check

the wheel speed sensor alignment to the

pulse ring.

• Check the rear left wheel speed sensor

run-out.

• Check the rear left wheel speed sensor

or pulse ring for dirt or other

contaminants that may affect its

operation.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 5

5 1 Using a digital multimeter, measure the AC signal

voltage across the rear left wheel speed sensor

connector while spinning the rear left wheel.

Is the voltage more than the specified value?

100 mV

Go to Step 6 Go to Step 9

6 Inspect for poor wiring connection at the rear left wheel

speed sensor wiring connector. Refer to Section 12P

Wiring Diagrams for information on testing wiring

circuits.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 7

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–70

Page 5B–70

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

7 Test the wheel speed sensor signal circuit 884 and low

reference circuit 885 for a high resistance, open circuit,

short to voltage, short to ground or shorted together

condition. Refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams for

information on wiring circuit testing and repair.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 8

8 Inspect for poor connections at the ECU wiring

connector. Refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams for

information on wiring circuit testing and repair.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 10

9 Replace the rear left wheel speed sensor. Refer to

9.6 Rear Wheel Speed Sensor.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 11 –

10 Replace the ECU . Refer to 9.3 ECU /hydraulic

modulator.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 11 –

11 1 Using Tech 2, clear the DTCs.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

running DTC C0046.

Did DTC C0046 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 2 Go to Step 12

12 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Are there any DTC displayed? – Go to the

appropriate DTC

Table. System OK

When all diagnosis and repairs are completed, check the system for correct operation.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–71

Page 5B–71

7.7 DTC C0050 – Rear Right Wheel Speed

Sensor Short or Open Circuit

Circuit Descri ption

The ECU supplies ground to the rear right wheel speed sensor low reference circuit 883.

The wheel speed sensor in conjunction with a pulse ring generates an AC signal voltage. The amplitude and frequency

of the signal generated is proportional to the wheel speed. The ECU monitors each wheel speed sensor signal voltage

to determine the speed of each wheel.

DTC C0050 sets if the ECU detects a short to voltage or an open circuit condition in the rear right wheel speed sensor

signal circuit 882 and/or low reference circuit 883.

Figure 5B – 49

Diagnostic Aids

Conditions for Running DTC C0050

The ignition is switched on.

Conditions for Setting DTC C0050

If there is a short to voltage or open circuit fault condition in the rear right wheel speed sensor signal circuit 882 or low

reference circuit 883.

Action Taken when DTC C0050 Sets

• The ECU disables the ABS-TCS for the duration of the ignition cycle.

• The ABS wa rning lam p , the ABS warning icon and the trac-off icon activates.

• The brake failure lamp activates.

Additional information

• Refer to 4.2 DTCs for information on the conditions for clearing DTCs.

• High voltage or high current devices such as spark plugs and spark plug wires may induce electrical noise on the

wheel speed sensor circuit. This electrical noise can interfere with normal wheel speed sensor operation. Ensure

that the rear right wheel speed sensor wiring harness is routed away from these high voltage or high current

devices.

• For intermittent fault conditions, refer to 6 Intermittent Conditions.

• Refer to Figure 5B – 50 for the ECU and wheel speed sensor connector illustrations.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–72

Page 5B–72

Figure 5B – 50

Test Description

Step 2 This Step verifies if the fault is currently present.

Step 3 This Step tests the rear right wheel speed sensor internal circuitry.

Step 5 This Step tests the rear right wheel speed sensor output voltage capacity.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–73

Page 5B–73

DTC C0050 Diagnostic Table

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

1 Was the ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table performed? – Go to Step 2 Refer to

5.5 ABS-TCS Ma in

Diagnostic Starting

Point.

2 1 Using Tech 2, observe the Freeze Frame / Failure

Record for this DTC.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Road test the vehicle within the conditions for

running this DTC or within the conditions in the

Freeze Frame/Failure Record.

Did DTC C0050 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 3

Refer to DTC C0050

Additional

Information.

3 1 Disconnect the rear right wheel speed sensor

connector.

2 Using a digital multimeter, measure the resistance

across the wheel speed sensor connector.

Is the resistance within the specified range? 1.4 - 1.8 kΩ

@ 20°c Go to Step 4 Go to Step 9

4 1 Raise the rear of the vehicle and support on

safety stands. Refer to Section 0A General

Information for location of the jacking points.

2 Connect an oscilloscope to the rear right wheel

speed sensor connector terminals.

3 Spin the rear right wheel.

4 Observe the wheel speed sensor output signal

pattern. Refer to 3.3 Wheel Speed Sensors.

NOTE

If an oscilloscope is not available, perform

the following visual inspection:

• Inspect the rear right wheel speed

sensor pulse ring for damaged teeth.

• While rotating the rear right wheel,

check the wheel speed sensor alignment

to the pulse ring.

• Check the rear right wheel speed sensor

run-out.

• Check the rear right wheel speed sensor

or pulse ring for dirt or other

contaminants that may affect its

operation.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 5

5 1 Using a digital multimeter, measure the AC signal

voltage across the rear right wheel speed sensor

connector while spinning the rear right wheel.

Is the voltage more than the specified value?

100 mV

Go to Step 6 Go to Step 9

6 Inspect for poor wiring connection at the rear right

wheel speed sensor wiring connector. Refer to Section

12P Wiring Diagrams for information on testing wiring

circuits.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 7

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–74

Page 5B–74

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

7 Test the rear right wheel speed sensor signal circuit

882 and low reference circuit 883 for a high resistance,

open circuit, short to voltage, short to ground or shorted

together condition. Refer to Section 12P Wiring

Diagrams for information on wiring circuit testing and

repair.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 8

8 Inspect for poor connections at the ECU wiring

connector. Refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams for

information on wiring circuit testing and repair.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 10

9 Replace the rear right wheel speed sensor. Refer to

9.6 Rear Wheel Speed Sensor.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 11 –

10 Replace the ECU . Refer to 9.3 ECU /hydraulic

modulator.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 11 –

11 1 Using Tech 2, clear the DTCs.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

running DTC C0050.

Did DTC C0050 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 2 Go to Step 12

12 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Are there any DTC displayed? – Go to the

appropriate DTC

Table. System OK

When all diagnosis and repairs are completed, check the system for correct operation.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–75

Page 5B–75

7.8 DTC C0051 – Rear Right Wheel Speed

Sensor Signal Correlation

Circuit Descri ption

The ECU supplies ground to the rear right wheel speed sensor low reference circuit 883.

The wheel speed sensor in conjunction with a pulse ring generates an AC signal voltage. The amplitude and frequency

of the signal generated is proportional to the wheel speed. The ECU monitors the wheel speed sensor signal voltage to

determine the wheel speed of each wheel.

DTC C0051 sets if the ECU detects a plausibility error and/or a short to ground condition in the rear right wheel speed

sensor signal circuit 830 and there is a deviation of more than 6 km/h between the front left wheel speed and vehicle

speed.

Figure 5B – 51

Diagnostic Aids

Conditions for Running DTC C0051

• The ignition is switched on.

• Vehicle speed is over 40 km/h.

• Brake pedal is not depressed.

• ABS-TCS is not active.

Conditions for Setting DTC C0051

If the rear right wheel speed sensor signal circuit is shorted to ground and the ECU detects a deviation of more than 6

km/h between the front left wheel speed and the reference vehicle speed.

Action Taken when DTC C0051 Sets

• The ECU disables the ABS-TCS for the duration of the ignition cycle.

• The ABS wa rning lam p , the ABS warning icon and the trac-off icon activates.

• The brake failure lamp activates.

Additional information

• Refer to 4.2 DTCs for information on the conditions for clearing DTCs.

• High voltage or high current devices such as spark plugs and spark plug wires may induce electrical noise on the

rear right wheel speed sensor circuit. This electrical noise can interfere with normal wheel speed sensor operation.

Ensure that the wheel speed sensor wiring harness is routed away from these high voltage or high current

devices.

• For intermittent fault conditions, refer to 6 Intermittent Conditions.

• Refer to Figure 5B – 52 for the ECU and wheel speed sensor connector illustrations.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–76

Page 5B–76

Figure 5B – 52

Test Description

Step 2 This Step verifies if the fault is currently present.

Step 3 This Step tests the rear right wheel speed sensor internal circuitry.

Step 5 This Step tests the rear right wheel speed sensor output voltage capacity.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–77

Page 5B–77

DTC C0051 Diagnostic Table

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

1 Was the ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table performed? – Go to Step 2 Refer to

5.5 ABS-TCS Ma in

Diagnostic Starting

Point.

2 1 Using Tech 2, observe the Freeze Frame / Failure

Record for this DTC.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Road test the vehicle within the conditions for

running this DTC or within the conditions in the

Freeze Frame/Failure Record.

Did DTC C0051 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 3

Refer to DTC C0051

Additional

Information.

3 1 Disconnect the rear right wheel speed sensor

connector.

2 Using a digital multimeter, measure the resistance

across the wheel speed sensor connector.

Is the resistance within the specified range? 1.4 - 1.8 kΩ

@ 20°c Go to Step 4 Go to Step 9

4 1 Raise the rear of the vehicle and support on

safety stands. Refer to Section 0A General

Information for location of the jacking points.

2 Connect an oscilloscope to the rear right wheel

speed sensor connector terminals.

3 Spin the rear right wheel.

4 Observe the wheel speed sensor output signal

pattern. Refer to 3.3 Wheel Speed Sensors.

NOTE

If an oscilloscope is not available, perform

the following visual inspection:

• Inspect the rear right wheel speed

sensor pulse ring for damaged teeth.

• While rotating the rear right wheel,

check the wheel speed sensor alignment

to the pulse ring.

• Check the rear right wheel speed sensor

run-out.

• Check the rear right wheel speed sensor

or pulse ring for dirt or other

contaminants that may affect its

operation.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 5

5 1 Using a digital multimeter, measure the AC signal

voltage across the rear right wheel speed sensor

connector while spinning the rear right wheel.

Is the voltage more than the specified value?

100 mV

Go to Step 6 Go to Step 9

6 Inspect for poor wiring connection at the rear right

wheel speed sensor wiring connector. Refer to Section

12P Wiring Diagrams for information on testing wiring

circuits.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 7

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–78

Page 5B–78

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

7 Test the wheel speed sensor signal circuit 882 and low

reference circuit 883 for a high resistance, open circuit,

short to voltage, short to ground or shorted together

condition. Refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams for

information on wiring circuit testing and repair.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 8

8 Inspect for poor connections at the ECU wiring

connector. Refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams for

information on wiring circuit testing and repair.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 11 Go to Step 10

9 Replace the rear right wheel speed sensor. Refer to

9.6 Rear Wheel Speed Sensor.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 11 –

10 Replace the ECU . Refer to 9.3 ECU /hydraulic

modulator.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 11 –

11 1 Using Tech 2, clear the DTCs.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

running DTC C0051.

Did DTC C0051 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 2 Go to Step 12

12 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Are there any DTC displayed? – Go to the

appropriate DTC

Table. System OK

When all diagnosis and repairs are completed, check the system for correct operation.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–79

Page 5B–79

7.9 DTC C0110 – Pump Motor or Relay Fault

Circuit Descri ption

The ECU operates the hydraulic modulator pump motor by grounding the pump motor relay control circuit to achieve the

following:

• ABS Reducing Pressure Phase – the hydraulic modulator pump builds-up the brake fluid pressure to allow the

released brake fluid pressure from the slipping wheel to be returned to the brake master cylinder reservoir against

brake pedal pressure.

• TCS Brake Intervention Mode – the hydraulic modulator pump builds-up the brake fluid pressure, which is directed

to the spinning wheel to prevent wheel-spin.

The ECU monitors the pump motor relay and the pump motor circuit for correct operation. DTC C0110 sets if ECU

detects a fault in the relay or in its System Voltage application within a predetermined period.

Figure 5B – 53

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–80

Page 5B–80

Diagnostic Aids

Conditions for Running DTC C0110

• The ignition is switched on.

• The ECU Self-test Initialisation Sequence is complete.

Conditions for Setting DTC C0110

• If the pump motor relay is activated and there is no pump motor system voltage present after 60 milliseconds.

• If the pump motor system voltage is present for more than 2.5 seconds and the pump motor relay did not activate.

• If there is no pump motor run down voltage after the pump motor relay is deactivated.

Action Taken when DTC C0110 Sets

• The ECU disables the ABS-TCS for the duration of the ignition cycle.

• The ABS wa rning lam p , the ABS warning icon and the trac-off icon activates.

• The brake failure lamp activates.

Additional information

• Refer to 4.2 DTCs for information on the conditions for clearing DTCs.

• For intermittent fault conditions, refer to 6 Intermittent Conditions.

• Refer to Figure 5B – 54 for ECU connector illustration.

Figure 5B – 54

Test Description

Step 5 Tests the hydraulic modulator pump motor circuitry for a short to the hydraulic modulator housing.

The hydraulic modulator pump motor wiring

harness must not be repaired. If this wiring

harness is damaged, the hydraulic modulator

assembly must be replaced.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–81

Page 5B–81

DTC C0110 Diagnostic Table

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

1 Was the ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table performed? – Go to Step 2 Refer to

5.5 ABS-TCS Ma in

Diagnostic Starting

Point.

2 Using Tech 2, perform the hydraulic modulator pump

motor test.

Did the pump motor pass the test? – Go to Step 3 Go to Step 4

3 1 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

2 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

running DTC C0110.

3 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Did DTC C0110 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 4

Refer to DTC C0110

Additional

Information.

4 1 Test all ground circuits of the ECU for a high

resistance or an open circuit condition.

2 Test the ABS fuses. Refer to 3.7 ABS fuse

locations.

3 Test the ECU battery supply voltage for a high

resistance, open circuit or short to ground

condition.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 10 Go to Step 5

5 1 Disconnect the pump motor wiring connector.

2 Using a digital multimeter, measure the resistance

between each of the pump motor connector wiring

circuits and the hydraulic modulator housing.

Is the resistance less than the specified value?

5 Ω

Go to Step 6 Go to Step 7

6 Inspect for poor wiring connection at pump motor wiring

connections at the hydraulic modulator. Refer to

Section 12P Wiring Diagrams for information on testing

wiring circuits.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 10 Go to Step 8

7 Inspect for poor connections at the ECU wiring

connector. Refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams for

information on testing wiring circuits.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 10 Go to Step 9

8 Replace the hydraulic modulator. Refer to 9.3 ECU

/hydraulic modulator .

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 10 –

9 Replace the ECU . Refer to 9.3 ECU /hydraulic

modulator.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 10 –

10 1 Using Tech 2, clear the DTCs.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

running DTC C0110.

Did DTC C0110 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 2 Go to Step 11

11 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Are there any DTC displayed? – Go to the

appropriate DTC

Table. System OK

When all diagnosis and repairs are completed, check the system for correct operation.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–82

Page 5B–82

7.10 DTC C0121 – Valve Solenoid Relay Fault

Circuit Descri ption

Ignition Circuit 839 supplies battery voltage to the ECU to energise the ECU solenoid valve relay when the ignition is

switched on. When energised, the solenoid valve relay supplies System Voltage to the hydraulic modulator solenoid

valve coils. The solenoid valve relay remains energised until the ignition is switched off or the ABS-TCS is disabled.

The ECU controls the operation of each solenoid valve by applying ground to the solenoid valve coil control circuit to

modulate the brake fluid pressure of each brake circuit.

The ECU monitors the solenoid valve system voltage circuit for correct operation. DTC C0121 sets if ECU detects a fault

in the relay or in its system voltage circuit application within a predetermined period.

Figure 5B – 55

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–83

Page 5B–83

Diagnostic Aids

Conditions for Running DTC C0121

• The ignition is switched on.

Conditions for Setting DTC C0121

• If the solenoid valve relay is commanded on and the ECU did not detect the system voltage at the solenoid valve

coils.

• If the ECU commands the solenoid valve relay off and battery voltage is still present at the solenoid valve coils.

Action Taken when DTC C0121 Sets

• The ECU disables the ABS-TCS for the duration of the ignition cycle.

• The ABS wa rning lam p , the ABS warning icon and the trac-off icon activates.

• The brake failure lamp may activate.

Additional information

• Refer to 4.2 DTCs for information on the conditions for clearing DTCs.

• For intermittent fault conditions, refer to 6 Intermittent Conditions.

• Refer to Figure 5B – 56 for ECU connector illustration.

Figure 5B – 56

Test Description

Step 2 This step verifies operation of the hydraulic modulator solenoid valves.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–84

Page 5B–84

DTC C0121 Diagnostic Table

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

1 Was the ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table performed? – Go to Step 2 Refer to

5.5 ABS-TCS Ma in

Diagnostic Starting

Point.

2 Using Tech 2, perform the hydraulic modulator solenoid

valve test.

Did the solenoid valves pass the test? – Go to Step 3 Go to Step 4

3 1 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

2 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

setting DTC C0121.

3 Using Tech 2,select the DTC display function.

Did DTC C0121 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 4

Refer to DTC C0121

Additional

Information.

4 1 Test all ground circuits of the ECU for a high

resistance or an open circuit condition.

2 Test the ABS fuses. Refer to 3.7 ABS fuse

locations.

3 Test the ECU battery supply voltage for a high

resistance, open circuit or short to ground

condition.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 6 Go to Step 5

5 Replace the ECU . Refer to 9.3 ECU /hydraulic

modulator.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 6 –

6 1 Using Tech 2, clear the DTCs.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

setting DTC C0121.

Did DTC C0121 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 2 Go to Step 7

7 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Are there any DTC displayed? – Go to the

appropriate DTC

Table. System OK

When all diagnosis and repairs are completed, check the system for correct operation.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–85

Page 5B–85

7.11 DTC C0161 – Brake Switch Circuit

Malfunction

Circuit Descri ption

Circuit 640 supplies battery voltage to the stop lamp switch. The stop lamp switch is a normally open switch that closes

when the brake pedal is depressed. When the brake pedal is depressed, the stop lamp switch supplies signal voltage to

the stop lamp signal circuit 20.

The ECU monitors the brake switch signal voltage to check stop lamp continuity and to determine when the brake is

applied. DTC C0161 sets if the ECU detects a fault in the brake switch signal circuit 20 or both stop lamps are faulty.

Figure 5B – 57

Diagnostic Aids

Conditions for Running DTC C0161

• The ignition is switched on.

Conditions for Setting DTC C0161

• The ECU detects an open condition in the brake switch signal circuit.

• Both stop lamps are faulty.

• The stop lamp switch input voltage is between 7.0 – 11 volts.

• An open or high resistance condition in the following circuit:

• Stop lamp switch signal voltage circuit.

• Stop lamp ground circuit

• Stop lamp.

Action Taken when DTC C0161 Sets

• The ECU stores this information only for as long as the condition is present.

• The ABS-TCS remains functional.

Additional information

• Refer to 4.2 DTCs for information on the conditions for clearing DTCs.

• For intermittent fault conditions, refer to 6 Intermittent Conditions.

• Refer to Figure 5B – 58 for the ECU and stop lamp switch 'A' connector illustrations.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–86

Page 5B–86

Figure 5B – 58

Test Description

Step 2 This Step tests the stop lamp circuit. The BCM also monitors the stop lamp fuse circuit and the stop lamp

ground circuit.

If the stop lamp fails, the BCM will detect a change in the stop lamp ground circuit and will send a signal to the

instrument cluster to activate the rear lamp bulb fail warning display.

If the stop lamp fuse fails, the BCM will detect the absence of the fuse voltage and will send a signal to the

instrument cluster to activate the Rear Lamp Fuse Fail. Refer to Section 12J Body Control Module for

information on the Rear Lamp Failure Warning System.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–87

Page 5B–87

DTC C0161 Diagnostic Table

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

1 Was the ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table performed? – Go to Step 2 Refer to

5.5 ABS-TCS Ma in

Diagnostic Starting

Point.

2 1 Check the stop lamps for correct operation.

2 If required, test the stop lamp circuit and the stop

lamp switch for correct adjustment. Refer to

Section 12B Lighting System for further

information on the stop lamp switch adjustment.

Was any fault found and rectified?

Go to Step 7 Go to Step 3

3 1 Using Tech 2, view the brake switch status

parameter in the ABS–TC data list.

2 While observing the brake switch status

parameter, depress the brake pedal.

Did the brake switch status parameter display 'Applied'?

–

Got to Step 5 Go to Step 4

4 Test the stop lamp switch signal voltage for a high

resistance, open circuit or short to ground condition.

Was any fault found and rectified? – Go to Step 7 Go to Step 6

5 Inspect for poor connections at the ECU wiring

connector. Refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagram for

information on testing wiring circuits.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 7 Refer to DTC C0161

Diagnostic Aids

6 Replace the ECU . Refer to 9.3 ECU /hydraulic

modulator.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 7 –

7 1 Using Tech 2, clear the DTCs.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

running DTC C0161.

Did DTC C0161 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 2 Go to Step 8

8 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Are there any DTC displayed? – Go to the

appropriate DTC

Table. System OK

When all diagnosis and repairs are completed, check the system for correct operation.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–88

Page 5B–88

7.12 DTC C0191 – Longitudinal Acceleration

Sensor Incorrect Signal

Circuit Descri ption

The ECU supplies 5 volts to the longitudinal accelerometer reference circuit 1337 and ground through low reference

circuit 1338.

The longitudinal accelerometer uses two differential capacitors in conjunction with a sprung mass to produce a signal

voltage. This signal voltage is proportional to the level of vehicle acceleration.

The ECU monitors the longitudinal accelerometer signal voltage circuit 716 to determine the level of vehicle acceleration

or deceleration.

• When the vehicle is stationary, the longitudinal accelerometer signal voltage ranges from 2.4 to 2.6 volts.

• As the vehicle accelerates, the signal voltage increases proportional to the vehicle acceleration with a maximum of

4.7 volts.

• As the vehicle decelerates, the signal voltage decreases in proportion to the vehicle deceleration with a minimum

of 0.4 volt.

If the ECU detects that the longitudinal accelerometer signal voltage is outside the predetermined parameters, DTC

C0191 sets.

Figure 5B – 59

Diagnostic Aids

Conditions for Running DTC C0191

• The ignition is switched on.

Conditions for Setting DTC C0191

• When the ECU detects that the longitudinal accelerometer signal voltage is outside 0.4 – 4.7 volts range for more

than 100 milliseconds.

Action Taken when DTC C0191 Sets

• The ECU disables TCS for the duration of the ignition cycle.

• The ABS wa rning lam p , the ABS warning icon and the trac-off icon activates.

Additional information

• Refer to 4.2 DTCs for information on the conditions for clearing DTCs.

• For intermittent fault conditions, refer to 6 Intermittent Conditions.

• Refer to Figure 5B – 60 for ECU and longitudinal accelerometer connector illustrations.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–89

Page 5B–89

Figure 5B – 60

Test Description

Step 2 This Step verifies that the fault condition currently exists.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–90

Page 5B–90

DTC C0191 Diagnostic Table

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

1 Was the ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table performed? – Go to Step 2 Refer to

5.5 ABS-TCS Ma in

Diagnostic Starting

Point.

2 1 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

2 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

running DTC C0191.

3 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Did DTC C0191 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 3

Refer to DTC C0191

Additional

Information.

3 1 Switch off the ignition.

2 Disconnect the longitudinal accelerometer wiring

connector. Refer to 9.8 Longitudinal

Accelerometer.

3 Switch on the ignition wi th the engine not running.

4 Using a digital multimeter, measure the voltage

between low reference circuit 1338 and 5 volts

reference circuit 1337.

5 Reconnect the longitudinal accelerometer wiring

connector.

Is the voltage near the specified value?

5 volts

Go to Step 4 Go to Step 6

4 1 Switch on the ignition wi th the engine not running.

2 Using a digital multimeter, measure the voltage

between the longitudinal accelerometer signal

circuit 716 and a good ground.

Is the voltage less than the specified value?

0.7 volts

Go to Step 8 Go to Step 5

5 Using a digital multimeter, measure the voltage

between the longitudinal accelerometer signal circuit

716 and a good ground.

Is the voltage greater than the specified range?

4.3 volts

Go to Step 9 Go to Step 10

6 Test the longitudinal accelerometer 5 volt reference

circuit 1337 for a short to voltage, short to ground or an

open circuit condition.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 14 Go to Step 7

7 Test the longitudinal accelerometer low reference

circuit 1338 for a short to voltage, high resistance or an

open circuit condition.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 14 Go to Step 11

8 Test the longitudinal accelerometer signal circuit 716

for a short to ground, high resistance or an open circuit

condition.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 14 Go to Step 10

9 Test the longitudinal accelerometer signal circuit 716

for a short to voltage.

Was any fault found and rectified? – Go to Step 14 Go to Step 10

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–91

Page 5B–91

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

10 Inspect for poor connections at the longitudinal

accelerometer wiring connector. Refer to Section 12P

Wiring Diagrams for information on testing wiring

circuits.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 14 Go to Step 12

11 Inspect for poor connections at the ECU wiring

connector. Refer to Section 12P for information on

testing wiring circuits.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 14 Go to Step 13

12 Replace the longitudinal accelerometer. Refer to 9.8

Longitudinal Accelerometer.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 14 –

13 Replace the ECU . Refer to 9.3 ECU /hydraulic

modulator.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 14 –

14 1 Using Tech 2, clear the DTCs.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

running DTC C0191.

Did DTC C0191 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 2 Go to Step 15

15 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Are there any DTC displayed? – Go to the

appropriate DTC

Table. System OK

When all diagnosis and repairs are completed, check the system for correct operation.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–92

Page 5B–92

7.13 DTC C0192 – Longitudinal Acceleration

Sensor Circuit Malfunction

Circuit Descri ption

The ECU supplies 5 volts to the longitudinal accelerometer through reference circuit 1337 and ground through low

reference circuit 1338.

The longitudinal accelerometer uses two differential capacitors in conjunction with a sprung mass to produce a signal

voltage. This signal voltage is proportional to the level of vehicle acceleration.

The ECU monitors the longitudinal accelerometer signal voltage circuit 716 to determine the level of vehicle acceleration

or deceleration.

• When the vehicle is stationary, the longitudinal accelerometer signal voltage ranges from 2.4 to 2.6 volts.

• As the vehicle accelerates, the signal voltage increases proportional to the vehicle acceleration with a maximum of

4.7 volts.

• As the vehicle decelerates, the signal voltage decreases in proportion to the vehicle deceleration with a minimum

of 0.4 volt.

If the ECU detects that the longitudinal accelerometer signal voltage is changing rapidly under normal driving conditions

or if the ECU determines that the signal voltage is false, the ECU will disregard the signal voltage to prevent a false TCS

brake intervention and will set DTC C0192.

Figure 5B – 61

Diagnostic Aids

Conditions for Running DTC C0192

• The ignition is switched on.

• The vehicle speed is greater than approximately 40 km/h.

Conditions for Setting DTC C0192

• If the ECU detects that the longitudinal accelerometer signal exceeds 0.26g for more than two seconds during a

stable driving condition, the ECU will disregard this signal to prevent a false TCS brake intervention and will log

DTC C0192.

• The ECU monitors and stores the longitudinal accelerometer long time filtered driving direction. This is a straight-

ahead direction and its value is called the offset. The ECU will log DTC C0192 if the offset value exceeds 0.23g.

• The longitudinal accelerometer signal is limited to an electrical stop of 1.8g. If the ECU detects this signal exceeds

1.5g for more than 500 milliseconds, DTC C0192 sets.

• When the vehicle is stationary, the longitudinal accelerometer signal must be less than 0.7g. If the ECU detects

that this signal exceeds 0.7g when the vehicle is stationary, DTC C0192 sets.

• Under normal driving conditions, the longitudinal accelerometer signal must not change more than 55g / second. If

the ECU detects that this signal exceeds 55g / second, DTC C0192 sets.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–93

Page 5B–93

Action Taken When DTC C0192 Sets

• The ECU disables TCS for the duration of the ignition cycle.

• The ABS is not disabled.

• The ABS wa rning lam p , the ABS warning icon and the trac-off icon activates.

Additional information

• Refer to 4.2 DTCs for information on the conditions for clearing DTCs.

• For intermittent fault conditions, refer to 6 Intermittent Conditions.

• Refer to Figure 5B – 62 for ECU and longitudinal accelerometer connector illustrations.

Figure 5B – 62

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–94

Page 5B–94

DTC C0192 Diagnostic Table

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

1 Was the ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table performed? – Go to Step 2 Refer to

5.5 ABS-TCS Ma in

Diagnostic Starting

Point.

2 1 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

2 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

running DTC C0192.

3 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Did DTC C0192 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 3

Refer to DTC C0192

Additional

Information.

3 1 Switch off the ignition.

2 Disconnect the longitudinal accelerometer wiring

connector. Refer to 9.8 Longitudinal

Accelerometer.

3 Switch on the ignition wi th the engine not running.

4 Using a digital multimeter, measure the voltage

between low reference circuit 1338 and 5 volts

reference circuit 1337.

5 Reconnect the longitudinal accelerometer wiring

connector.

Is the voltage near the specified value?

5 volts

Go to Step 4 Go to Step 6

4 1 Switch on the ignition wi th the engine not running.

2 Using a digital multimeter, measure the voltage

between the longitudinal accelerometer signal

circuit 716 and a good ground.

Is the voltage less than the specified value?

0.7 volts

Go to Step 8 Go to Step 5

5 Using a digital multimeter, measure the voltage

between the longitudinal accelerometer signal circuit

716 and a good ground.

Is the voltage greater than the specified range?

4.3 volts

Go to Step 9 Go to Step 10

6 Test the longitudinal accelerometer 5 volt reference

circuit 1337 for a short to voltage, short to ground or an

open circuit condition.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 14 Go to Step 7

7 Test the longitudinal accelerometer low reference

circuit 1338 for a short to voltage, high resistance or an

open circuit condition.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 14 Go to Step 11

8 Test the longitudinal accelerometer signal circuit 716

for a short to ground, high resistance or an open circuit

condition.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 14 Go to Step 10

9 Test the longitudinal accelerometer signal circuit 716

for a short to voltage.

Was any fault found and rectified? – Go to Step 14 Go to Step 10

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–95

Page 5B–95

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

10 Inspect for poor connections at the longitudinal

accelerometer wiring connector. Refer to Section 12P

Wiring Diagrams for information on testing wiring

circuits.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 14 Go to Step 12

11 Inspect for poor connections at the ECU wiring

connector. Refer to Section 12P for information on

testing wiring circuits.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 14 Go to Step 13

12 Replace the longitudinal accelerometer. Refer to

9.8 Longitudinal Accelerometer.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 14 –

13 Replace the ECU . Refer to 9.3 ECU /hydraulic

modulator.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 14 –

14 1 Using Tech 2, clear the DTCs.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

running DTC C0192.

Did DTC C0192 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 2 Go to Step 15

15 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Are there any DTC displayed? – Go to the

appropriate DTC

Table. System OK

When all diagnosis and repairs are completed, check the system for correct operation.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–96

Page 5B–96

7.14 DTC C0245 – Wheel Speed Signal

Malfunction

Circuit Descri ption

The ECU supplies ground to the left wheel speed sensor low reference circuit.

The wheel speed sensor in conjunction with a pulse ring generates an AC signal voltage. The amplitude and frequency

of the signal generated is proportional to the wheel speed. The ECU monitors the wheel speed sensor signal voltage to

determine the speed of each wheel.

DTC C0245 sets if the ECU detects a fault in the wheel speed sensor circuit but cannot identify the specific wheel speed

sensor triggering the fault condition.

Figure 5B – 63

Diagnostic Aids

Conditions for Running DTC C0245

• The ignition is switched on.

• The ECU Self-test Initialisation Sequence is complete.

Conditions for Setting DTC C0245

DTC 245 sets If the EBCM detects that there is a deviation of more than 6 km/h between a wheel speed and the vehicle

speed and the ECU cannot specifically identify which wheel speed sensor is causing the fault condition.

Once the ECU identifies the wheel speed sensor that triggers DTC C0245, it will take the following actions:

• The ECU will set the DTC that represents the faulty wheel speed sensor.

• The ECU will designate DTC C0245 as a history DTC.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–97

Page 5B–97

Action Taken when DTC C0245 Sets

• The ECU disables the ABS-TCS for the duration of the ignition cycle if the exact fault can be determined and after

the ABS-TCS cycle has terminated.

• The ABS wa rning lam p , the ABS warning icon and the trac-off icon activates.

• The brake failure lamp activates.

Additional information

• Refer to 4.2 DTCs for information on the conditions for clearing DTCs.

• High voltage or high current devices such as spark plugs and spark plug wires may induce electrical noise on the

front left wheel speed sensor circuit. This electrical noise can interfere with normal wheel speed sensor operation.

Ensure that the wheel speed sensor wiring harness is routed away from these high voltage or high current

devices.

• For intermittent fault condition, refer to 6 Intermittent Conditions.

• Refer to Figure 5B – 64 for the ECU and wheel speed sensor connector illustrations.

Figure 5B – 64

Test Description

Step 2 This Step verifies if the fault is currently present.

Step 3 This Step tests the front left wheel speed sensor internal circuitry.

Step 5 This Step tests the front left wheel speed sensor output voltage.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–98

Page 5B–98

DTC C0245 Diagnostic Table

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

1 Was the ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table performed? – Go to Step 2 Refer to

5.5 ABS-TCS Ma in

Diagnostic Starting

Point.

2 Using Tech 2, view current and history DTCs.

Are any of the following DTCs set as a current or a

history DTC?

• DTC C0036

• DTC C0041

• DTC C0046

• DTC C0051

–

Refer to the

appropriate wheel

speed sensor DTC

Diagnostic Table Go to Step 3

3 1 Raise the front and rear of the vehicle and

support on safety stands. Refer to Section 0A

General Information for location of the jacking

points.

2 Inspect all wheel speed sensors, their pulse ring

and wiring harness for signs of physical damage

or conditions that may trigger intermittent fault.

Refer to 6 AWD ABS-TCS Intermittent Fault

Conditions.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 7 Go to Step 4

4 1 Connect an oscilloscope to the front left wheel

speed sensor connector terminals.

2 Spin the front left wheel.

3 Observe the wheel speed sensor output signal

display. Refer to 3.3 Wheel Speed Sensor.

4 Perform the testing procedure to the remaining

wheel speed sensors.

NOTE

If an oscilloscope is not available, perform

the following visual inspection:

1 Inspect the front left wheel speed sensor

pulse ring for damaged teeth

2 While rotating the front left wheel, check the

wheel speed sensor alignment to the pulse

ring.

3 Check the front left wheel speed sensor run-

out.

4 Check the front left wheel speed sensor or

pulse ring for dirt or other contaminants that

may affect its operation.

5 Perform the visual inspection procedure to

the remaining wheel speed sensors.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 7 Go to Step 5

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–99

Page 5B–99

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

5 1 Using Tech 2, observe the Freeze Frame / Failure

Record for this DTC.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Road test the vehicle within the conditions for

running this DTC or within the conditions in the

Freeze Frame/Failure Record.

Did any of the wheel speed sensors trigger this DTC?

– Refer to the

appropriate wheel

speed sensor DTC

Diagnostic Table Go to Step 6

6 Replace the ECU . Refer to 9.3 ECU /hydraulic

modulator.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 7 –

7 1 Using Tech 2, clear the DTCs.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

running DTC C0245.

Did DTC C0245 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 2 Go to Step 8

8 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Are there any DTC displayed? – Go to the

appropriate DTC

Table. System OK

When all diagnosis and repairs are completed, check the system for correct operation.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–100

Page 5B–100

7.15 DTC C0550 – Electronic Control Unit

(ECU) Interna l Fault

Circuit Descri ption

The ECU performs one Self-Test Initialisation Sequence for each ignition cycle, refer to 3.1 ECU . If the ECU detects a

fault in its internal circuitry, DTC C0550 sets.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–101

Page 5B–101

Figure 5B – 65

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–102

Page 5B–102

Diagnostic Aids

Conditions for Running DTC C0550

• The ignition is switched on.

Conditions for Setting DTC C0550

• DTC C0550 sets when an internal ECU fault or solenoid malfunction exists.

Action Taken when DTC C0550 Sets

• The ECU disables the ABS-TCS for the duration of the ignition cycle.

• The ABS wa rning lam p , the ABS warning icon and the trac-off icon activates.

• The brake failure lamp may activate.

Additional information

• Refer to 4.2 DTCs for information on the conditions for clearing DTCs.

• For intermittent fault conditions, refer to 6 Intermittent Conditions.

• Refer to Figure 5B –66 for ECU connector illustration.

Figure 5B – 66

Test Description

Step 2 This Step verifies that there are no other related DTC present that may trigger DTC C0550 or if there are other

fault that may cause a replacement ECU to malfunction.

Step 4 This Step ensures that there is no fault in the ABS fuses. A blown ABS fuse may trigger this DTC.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–103

Page 5B–103

DTC C0550 Diagnostic Table

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

1 Was the ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table performed? – Go to Step 2 Refer to

5.5 ABS-TCS Ma in

Diagnostic Starting

Point.

2 Using Tech 2, view DTC list.

Are any other DTCs present besides DTC C0550? – Refer to appropriate

DTC table. Go to Step 3

3 1 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

2 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

setting DTC C0550.

3 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Did DTC C0550 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 4

Refer to DTC C0550

Additional

Information.

4 Test the ABS fuses and replace if required. Refer to

3.7 ABS-TCS fuse locations.

Was any fault found and rectified? – Go to Step 6 Go to Step 5

5 Replace the ECU . Refer to 9.3 ECU /hydraulic

modulator.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 6 –

6 1 Using Tech 2, clear the DTCs.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

running DTC C0550.

Did DTC C0550 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 2 Go to Step 6

7 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Are there any DTC displayed? – Go to the

appropriate DTC

Table. System OK

When all diagnosis and repairs are completed, check the system for correct operation.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–104

Page 5B–104

7.16 DTC C0896 – Battery Voltage Out of

Range

Circuit Descri ption

The ECU monitors the battery supply voltage available to the ABS-TCS. If the voltage available to the ECU is out of the

specified range, the following fault condition may occur:

• A low battery supply voltage to the ECU may cause incorrect ABS-TCS operation.

• A battery supply voltage to the ECU that is too high may cause damage to the ABS-TCS components.

If the ECU detects that the battery supply voltage is out of range, it sets DTC C0896.

Figure 5B – 67

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–105

Page 5B–105

Diagnostic Aids

Conditions for Running DTC C0896

• The ignition is switched on.

Conditions for Setting DTC C0896

• When the ECU battery supply voltage meets one of the following conditions for more than 500 milliseconds with

the vehicle speed above 6 km/h:

• If the ECU battery supply voltage drops below 9.4 volts and the ABS-TCS is not active.

• If the ECU battery supply voltage drops below 8.8 volts and the ABS-TCS is active.

• If the ECU battery supply voltage exceeds 17.4 volts regardless of the ABS-TCS mode.

Action Taken when DTC C0110 Sets

• The ECU disables the ABS-TCS for the duration of the ignition cycle.

• The ABS wa rning lam p , the ABS warning icon and the trac-off icon activates.

• The brake failure lamp may activate.

Additional information

• Refer to 4.2 DTCs for information on the conditions for clearing DTCs.

• For intermittent fault conditions, refer to 6 Intermittent Conditions.

• Thorough inspection of the battery and the charging system must be performed. Refer to Section 6D3–1 Charging

System and Section 12A Battery and Cables.

• Refer to Figure 5B – 68 for ECU connector illustration.

Figure 5B – 68

Test Description

Step 2 This tests verifies if a fault exists in the battery or charging system.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–106

Page 5B–106

DTC C0896 Diagnostic Table

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

1 Was the ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table performed? – Go to Step 2 Refer to

5.5 ABS-TCS Ma in

Diagnostic Starting

Point.

2 Check the charging system and the battery. Refer to

Section 6D3–1 Charging System and Section 12A

Battery and Cables.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 10 Go to Step 3

3 1 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

2 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

setting DTC C00896.

3 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Did DTC C0896 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 4

Refer to DTC C0896

Additional

Information.

4 1 Switch off the ignition.

2 Disconnect the ECU wiring connector.

3 Switch on the ignition wi th the engine not running.

4 Using a digital multimeter, measure the voltage

between Tool No. J 3970 530 terminal 15 and

terminal 8.

Is the voltage below the specified value?

9.4 volts

Go to Step 5

Refer to DTC C0896

Additional

Information.

5 Using a digital multimeter, measure the resistance

between Tool No. J 3970 530 terminal 15 and a good

ground.

Is the resistance within the specified range?

0–5 Ω

Go to Step 7 Go to Step 6

6 Repair the open or high resistance condition in the ECU

ground circuit

Was any fault found and rectified? – Go to Step 10 Go to Step 8

7 Check for a short to ground, open or high resistance

condition in the ECU ignition voltage supply circuit 839.

Was any fault found and rectified? – Go to Step 10 Go to Step 8

8 Inspect for poor connections at the ECU wiring

connector. Refer to Section 12P for information on

testing wiring circuits.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 10 Go to Step 9

9 Replace the ECU . Refer to 9.3 ECU /hydraulic

modulator.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 10 –

10 1 Using Tech 2, clear the DTCs.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

running DTC C0896.

Did DTC C0896 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 2 Go to Step 11

11 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Are there any DTC displayed? – Go to the

appropriate DTC

Table. System OK

When all diagnosis and repairs are completed, check the system for correct operation.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–107

Page 5B–107

8 AWD ABS-TCS Serial Data

Communication Diagnostics

8.1 Serial Data Communication

Preliminary Diagnostic Table

Circuit Descri ption

The various electronic control modules integrated into the MY 2004 VY AW D Wagon vehicles communicate with each

other through the Serial Data Bus where the Body Control Module (BCM) is the Bus Master. Refer to Section 12J Body

Control Module for further information on the serial data communication.

The Electronic Control Unit (ECU) and the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) transmit and receive data using Class 2

Serial Data protocol while the BCM and other vehicle control modules use the Universal Asynchronous Receive and

Transmit (UART) protocol.

As the Class 2 Serial Data protocol is not compatible with the UART protocol, a Powertrain Interface Module (PIM) is

integrated to the data link communication system to perform the following tasks: (Refer to Section 6C3 Powertrain

Management System for further information on the PIM)

• Translate the Class 2 Serial Data transmitted by ECU and the PCM into UART protocol that can be received and

recognised by the BCM and the Instrument Cluster Assembly.

• Translate the UART Data transmitted by the BCM into a Class 2 Serial Data protocol that can be receive and

recognised by the ECU and the PCM.

The AWD ABS-TCS Data Link Communication Diagnostics is organised in a logical structure that begins with the AWD

ABS-TCS Data Link Communication Preliminary Tests.

The AWD ABS-TCS Data Link Preliminary Tests identifies and compiles other DTCs that are related to the BCM, PCM,

PIM or Instrument Cluster Assembly serial data communication system to provide a more comprehensive diagnostic

procedure.

A fault condition in the Serial Data Bus circuit may trigger any or all of the following DTCs:

• ABS-TCS DTC

• DTC U1000 – No Serial Data from PIM

• DTC U1016 – No Serial Data from PCM

• DTC U1300 and DTC U1301 – Class 2 Data Link Input Too High or Too Low

• BCM DTC

• DTC 7 – No Serial Data from PCM

• DTC 26 – No Serial Data from ABS-TCS

• DTC 27 – No Serial Data from Instruments

• PIM DTC

• U1000 – No Class 2 Serial Data

• U1001 – No Serial Data from PCM

• U1043 – No Serial Data from ABS-TCS

• U1064 – No Serial Data from PCM

• Instrume nt Cluster DTC

• DTC 8 – No Serial Data from ABS-TCS

• DTC 9 – No Serial Data from BCM

• DTC 10 – No Serial Data from OCC

• DTC 11 – No Serial Data from PCM

• DTC 12 – No Serial Data from SDM

• DTC 13 – No Instrument Poll from BCM

• DTC 14 – No Serial Data

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–108

Page 5B–108

Correctly identifying all serial data communication circuit related DTCs provides an overall view of the extent of the fault

condition. The following is an example of a communication circuit DTC diagnostic procedure.

• If only DTC U1016 – No Serial Data from PCM is set, the diagnostic procedure will be directed towards testing the

ABS-TCS communication circuit.

• If DTC U1016 – No Serial Data from PCM is set together with the following DTCs which shares a common

communication circuit, the PCM may be the cause of the fault condition and diagnostic procedure will be guided to

test the shared communication circuit.

• BCM DTC 7 – No Serial Data from PCM

• PIM U1001 – No Serial Data from PCM

• Instrument Cluster DTC 11 – No Serial Data from PCM

Therefore, the service technician must have a good understanding of the serial data communication system to reduce

diagnostic time and to prevent misdiagnosis.

Diagnostic Aids

Additional information

• Refer to 4.2 DTCs for information on the conditions for clearing DTCs.

• For intermittent fault conditions, refer to 6 Intermittent Conditions.

• Test the ECU that fails to communicate in Step 3 for the followi ng:

• Test all ground circuits of the ECU for a high resistance or an open circuit condition.

• Test for blown ECU fuses.

• Test the ECU battery supply voltage for a high resistance, open circuit or short to ground condition.

Test Description

Step 3 This Step attempts to compile communication related DTCs.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–109

Page 5B–109

Serial Data Communication Pre liminary Diagnostic Table

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

1 Connect Tech 2 to the DLC.

Does Tech 2 power up? – Go to Step 2

Refer to 6, Tech 2

Diagnosis in

Section 0C

2 1 Using Tech 2, view all DTCs.

2 Record DTCs set by each module.

Are any other DTCs present besides the ABS-TCS

Serial Data communication circuit DTCs ?

–

Go to Step 3

Refer to the

appropriate ABS-

TCS serial data

communication

circuit DTC.

3 1 Switch on the ignition wi th the engine not running.

2 Attempt to communicate with the ECU, BCM,

PCM, PIM and the Instrument Cluster Assembly.

Did any ECU fail to communicate?

–

Refer to the

appropriate ECU

Section or to 4.2

Serial Data

Communication In

Section 12J. Go to Step 4

4 1 Using Tech 2, clear the DTCs.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

running the serial data communication DTC

recorded.

Did any of the recorded DTC fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 2 Go to Step 5

5 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Are there any DTC displayed? – Go to the

appropriate DTC

Table. System OK

When all diagnosis and repairs are completed, check the system for correct operation.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–110

Page 5B–110

8.2 DTC U1000–No Serial Data

Circuit Descri ption

The Electronic Control Unit (ECU) communicates information with the various electronic control modules integrated into

the vehicle through the Serial Data Bus

The ECU and the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) transmit and receive data using Class 2 Serial Data protocol while

the BCM and other vehicle control modules use the Universal Asynchronous Receive and Transmit (UART) protocol.

As the Class 2 Serial Data protocol is not compatible with the UART protocol, a Powertrain Interface Module (PIM) is

integrated to the data link communication system.

If the ECU does not receive serial data during an ignition cycle, DTC U1000 sets.

Figure 5B – 69

Diagnostic Aids

Conditions for Running DTC U1000

The ignition is switched on.

Conditions for Setting DTC U1000

If the ECU does not receive serial data from the PCM during an ignition cycle.

Action Taken when DTC U1000 Sets

• The ECU uses default values for all parameters on the Class 2 serial data circuit.

• The ABS wa rning lam p , the ABS warning icon and the trac-off icon activates.

• The brake failure lamp activates.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–111

Page 5B–111

Additional information

• Refer to 4.2 DTCs for information on the conditions for clearing DTCs.

• For intermittent fault conditions, refer to 6 Intermittent Conditions.

• Refer to Figure 5B – 70 for ECU connector illustration.

Figure 5B – 70

DTC U1000 Diagnostic Table

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

1 Was the Serial Data Communication Preliminary

Diagnostic Table performed? – Go to Step 2 Refer to

8.1 Serial Data

Communication

Preliminary

Diagnostic Table.

2 Test the Class 2 serial data circuit 1045 for an open

circuit fault condition.

Was any fault found and rectified? – Go to Step 6 Go to Step 3

3 Inspect for poor wiring connection at the PIM wiring

connector. Refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams for

information on testing wiring circuits.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 6 Go to Step 4

4 Inspect for poor connections at the ECU wiring

connector. Refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams for

information on testing wiring circuits.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 6 Go to Step 5

5 Replace the ECU. Refer to 9.3 ECU /hydraulic

modulator.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 6 –

6 1 Using Tech 2, clear the DTCs.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

running DTC U1000.

Did DTC U1000 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 2 Go to Step 7

7 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Are there any DTC displayed? – Go to the

appropriate DTC

Table. System OK

When all diagnosis and repairs are completed, check the system for correct operation.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–112

Page 5B–112

8.3 DTC U1016–No Serial Data from PCM

Circuit Descri ption

The Electronic Control Unit (ECU) communicates information with the various electronic control modules integrated into

the vehicle through the Serial Data Bus

The ECU and the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) transmit and receive data using Class 2 Serial Data protocol while

the BCM and other vehicle control modules use the Universal Asynchronous Receive and Transmit (UART) protocol.

As the Class 2 Serial Data protocol is not compatible with the UART protocol, a Powertrain Interface Module (PIM) is

integrated to the data link communication system.

If the ECU does has initially received serial data communication from the PCM and the communication failed during an

ignition cycle, DTC U1016 sets.

Figure 5B – 71

Diagnostic Aids

Conditions for Running DTC U1016

• The ignition is switched on.

• DTC U1000 is not set.

Conditions for Setting DTC U1016

If the ECU does has initially received serial data communication from the PCM and the communication failed during an

ignition cycle.

Action Taken when DTC U1016 Sets

• The ECU uses default values for all parameters on the Class 2 serial data circuit.

• The ABS wa rning lamp, the ABS warning icon and the trac-off icon activates.

• The brake failure lamp activates.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–113

Page 5B–113

Additional information

• Refer to 4.2 DTCs for information on the conditions for clearing DTCs.

• For intermittent fault conditions, refer to 6 Intermittent Conditions.

• Refer to Figure 5B – 72 for ECU connector illustration.

Figure 5B – 72

DTC U1016 Diagnostic Table

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

1 Was the Serial Data Communication Preliminary

Diagnostic Table performed? – Go to Step 2 Refer to

8.1 Serial Data

Communication

Preliminary

Diagnostic Table.

2 Test the Class 2 serial data circuit 1045 for an open

circuit fault condition.

Was any fault found and rectified? – Go to Step 7 Go to Step 3

3 Inspect for poor wiring connection at the PCM wiring

connector. Refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams for

information on testing wiring circuits.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 7 Go to Step 4

4 Inspect for poor wiring connection at the PIM wiring

connector. Refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams for

information on testing wiring circuits.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 7 Go to Step 5

5 Inspect for poor connections at the ECU wiring

connector. Refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams for

information on testing wiring circuits.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 7 Go to Step 6

6 Replace the ECU. Refer to 9.3 ECU /hydraulic

modulator.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 7 –

7 1 Using Tech 2, clear the DTCs.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

running DTC U1016.

Did DTC U1016 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 2 Go to Step 8

8 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Are there any DTC displayed? – Go to the

appropriate DTC

Table. System OK

When all diagnosis and repairs are completed, check the system for correct operation.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–114

Page 5B–114

8.4 DTC U1300 or U1301 Class 2

Communication Data Link Input Too Low

or Too High

Circuit Descri ption

The Electronic Control Unit (ECU) communicates information with the various electronic control modules integrated into

the vehicle through the Serial Data Bus

The ECU and the Powertrain Control Module (PCM) transmit and receive data using Class 2 Serial Data protocol while

the BCM and other vehicle control modules use the Universal Asynchronous Receive and Transmit (UART) protocol.

As the Class 2 Serial Data protocol is not compatible with the UART protocol, a Powertrain Interface Module (PIM) is

integrated to the data link communication system.

If the ECU detects that the Class 2 serial data circuit 1045 is either shorted to ground or shorted to voltage during an

ignition cycle, either DTC U1300 or DTC U1301 sets.

Figure 5B – 73

Diagnostic Aids

Conditions for Running DTC U1300 or U1301

• The ignition is switched on.

Conditions for Setting DTC U1300 or U1301

• If the ECU detects that the Class 2 serial data circuit 1045 is shorted to ground DTC U1300 sets.

• If the ECU detects that the Class 2 serial data circuit 1045 is shorted to voltage DTC U1301 sets.

Action Taken when DTC U1300 or U1301 sets

• The ECU uses default values for all parameters on the Class 2 serial data circuit.

• The ABS wa rning lam p , the ABS warning icon and the trac-off icon activates.

• The brake failure lamp activates.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–115

Page 5B–115

Additional information

• Refer to 4.2 DTCs for information on the conditions for clearing DTCs.

• For intermittent fault conditions, refer to 6 Intermittent Conditions.

• Refer to Figure 5B – 74 for ECU connector illustration.

Figure 5B – 74

DTC U1300 or U1301 Diagnostic Table

Step Action Value(s) Yes No

1 Was the Serial Data Communication Preliminary

Diagnostic Table performed? – Go to Step 2 Refer to

8.1 Serial Data

Communication

Preliminary

Diagnostic Table.

2 Test the Class 2 serial data circuit 1045 for a short to

ground or a short to voltage fault condition.

Was any fault found and rectified? – Go to Step 6 Go to Step 3

3 Inspect for poor wiring connection at the PIM wiring

connector. Refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams for

information on testing wiring circuits.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 6 Go to Step 4

4 Inspect for poor connections at the ECU wiring

connector. Refer to Section 12P Wiring Diagrams for

information on testing wiring circuits.

Was any fault found and rectified?

–

Go to Step 6 Go to Step 5

5 Replace the ECU. Refer to 9.3 ECU /hydraulic

modulator.

Was the repair completed? – Go to Step 6 –

6 1 Using Tech 2, clear the DTCs.

2 Switch off the ignition for 10 seconds.

3 Operate the vehicle within the conditions for

running DTC U1300 or U1301.

Did DTC U1300 or U1301 fail this ignition?

–

Go to Step 2 Go to Step 7

7 Using Tech 2, select the DTC display function.

Are there any DTC displayed? – Go to the

appropriate DTC

Table. System OK

When all diagnosis and repairs are completed, check the system for correct operation.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–116

Page 5B–116

9 Service Operations

9.1 Safety and Precautionary Measures

The following safety and precautionary

measures must be followed when servicing

and diagnosing the ABS-TCS Braking System.

Otherwise, personal injury and/or improper

braking system operation may occur:

1 If any ABS-TCS component is serviced, the complete ABS-TCS must be checked. Refer to 5.2 AWD ABS-TCS

Main Diagnostic Table.

2 Certain components in the ABS-TCS are not intended to be serviced individually and must be replaced as an

assembly. Attempting to service components, such as the solenoid valves or pump motor in the hydraulic

modulator may result in improper system operation and/or personal injury. Only components with approved

removal and reinstallation procedures described in this Section should be serviced.

3 If the brake hydraulic system is serviced, the brake system must be bled and all brake hydraulic fittings must be

tested for leakage. Refer to Section 5A Service and Parking Brake System.

4 Whenever welding with an electric welding equipment, disconnect the wiring harness connector from the ECU .

Refer to 9.3 ECU /hydraulic modulator Assembly.

5 Never disconnect or reconnect the ECU wiring harness connector when the battery is connected or the ignition is

switched ON.

6 Do not touch the ECU connector pins or soldered components on the ECU circuit board to prevent possible

Electrostatic Discharge damage.

7 When pressure washing engines, do not direct the cleaning nozzle at ABS-TCS components.

8 To avoid wiring connector terminal damage, always use suitable wiring harness test leads (such as those in Tool

No, J39700) when carrying test operation on the ECU or sensor wiring connector.

9 As the ABS-TCS components are extremely sensitive to Electro-Magnetic Interference (EMI). Ensure that the

ABS-TCS wiring harness is routed correctly and securely fitted on their mounting clips when performing service

procedures.

10 Due to the sensitive nature of the ABS-TCS circuitry, specific ABS-TCS wiring repair procedures have been

developed. These procedures and instructions are detailed in Section 12P Wiring Diagrams and are the only

recommended and approved wiring repair methods.

11 Ensure that the brake lines and the wheel speed sensor wiring harness connections are assigned correctly.

12 The ECU is calibrated to use tyres of a known rolling radius and pulse rings with a specific number of teeth. The

number of teeth on the pulse rings correspond directly to tyre size. If any of the tyres fitted to the vehicle are larger

or smaller than specified, the ECU will receive false wheel speed signals that could result in personal injury and/or

improper ABS-TCS operation.

13 Do not allow the suspension components to hang by the wheel speed sensor cables.

14 Ensure that all wiring harness connectors are seated correctly.

15 Never disconnect the battery from the vehicle electrical system while the engine is running.

16 Always disconnect the battery from the vehicle electrical system before charging.

17 Do not use a fast charger for starting the vehicle.

18 Ensure that the battery cable terminals are secure.

19 The ECU and the hydraulic modulator must never be disassembled. Repair of either of these two units is by

replacement only. Apart from the brake line connections and the six screws securing the control module to the

hydraulic modulator, no screws at the hydraulic modulator may be loosened. Once any screw is loosened, brake

fluid leakage from the hydraulic modulator may occur.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–117

Page 5B–117

20 Replacement hydraulic modulator assemblies are pre-filled with brake fluid. To avoid unnecessary fluid spillage,

do not remove the sealing plugs from hydraulic modulator ports until the brake fittings are ready for fitment.

21 Once a replacement hydraulic modulator has been fitted, the sealing plugs must be fitted to the original modulator

to prevent entry of dirt.

22 To prevent entry of dirt into the hydraulic modulator ports, ensure that the hydraulic modulator is clean before

disconnecting or reconnecting its brake pipe fittings.

23 Remove the ECU from its packaging only when it is ready to be fitted to the hydraulic modulator.

24 While it is possible to replace the control module assembly without removing the hydraulic modulator from the

vehicle, the ECU spring plate will not seat correctly if not fitted in a horizontal position. Therefore, to ensure the

correct installation of the replacement control module, the ECU /hydraulic modulator assembly must be removed

from the vehicle, prior to disassembly. Refer to 9.3 ECU /hydraulic modulator Assembly.

25 Before installing a new ECU or hydraulic modulator, ensure that the correct type is fitted. Always refer to the latest

spare parts information.

26 Even the slightest trace of mineral oil leads to failure of the brake system. If mineral oil is found in the brake

system or there is a suspicion of mineral oil being in the brake system, the complete brake system must be

thoroughly flushed with the correct type of brake fluid. In addition, the brake master cylinder must be replaced.

27 Do not allow brake fluid to come in contact with the vehicle paintwork as the brake fluid causes paint damage.

28 Store the brake fluid in well-sealed containers as the brake fluid absorbs moisture from the air thus reducing its

boiling point. If the brakes are subjected to a very severe loading, this can lead to vapour-bubble formation in the

brake system which may lead to brake failure.

In addition, the brake fluid absorbs moisture from the atmosphere as it is operated in the vehicle. Therefore, the

brake fluid must be replaced at the time or distance intervals as specified in Section 0B, Lubrication And Service.

29 Only use the specified brake fluid.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–118

Page 5B–118

9.2 ABS-TCS Brake Bleeding Procedure

NOTE

The conventional brake system bleeding

procedure must be completed before performing

the ABS-TCS brake bleeding procedure. Refer

to Section 5A Service and Parking Brake

System.

1 Using the appropriate Tech 2 adapter (2) connected to

the DLC cable (3), connect Tech 2 to the DLC (1).

2 Start the engine and allow to run at idle speed.

3 Perform the instructions listed in the Tech 2 Brake

Bleed Procedure. Refer to Section 0C, Tech 2 for

information on the use of Tech 2.

NOTE

Ensure that the brake fluid level in the brake

master cylinder doesn't drop below the minimum

level during the duration of this procedure.

4 Turn the ignition switch off.

5 Disconnect Tech 2 from the DLC.

Figure 5B – 75

6 Fill the brake master cylinder reservoir to the

maximum fill level with the specified brake fluid.

7 Perform another conventional braking system brake

bleeding operation. Refer to Section 5A Service and

Parking Brake System.

8 With the ignition switched off, depress the brake pedal

three to five times to deplete the brake booster

vacuum reserve.

9 Slowly depress the brake pedal. If the brake pedal

feels spongy, repeat the ABS-TCS brake bleeding

operation.

10 If the brake pedal still feels spongy after repeating the

ABS-TCS bleeding operation, inspect the brake

system for external or internal leakage. Refer to

Section 5A Service and Parking Brake System.

Figure 5B – 76

If the brake fail lamp remains illuminated

after a service procedure, do not drive the

vehicle until the fault is diagnosed and

repaired.

11 Turn the ignition switch on with the engine not running

and the park brake not applied. If the park brake /

brake fail lamp (1) remains illuminated, diagnose and

repair the fault condition. Refer to Section 5A Service

and Parking Brake System.

12 Road test the vehicle to allow ABS-TCS self test

initialisation to occur. If the brake pedal feels spongy,

repeat the ABS-TCS brake bleed operation until a firm

brake pedal feel is obtained.

13 Check the ABS-TCS operation. Re fer to 5.2 AWD

ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table.

Figure 5B – 77

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–119

Page 5B–119

9.3 Electronic Control Unit (ECU) /

Hydraulic Modulator Assembly

Remove

Disconnection of the battery affects

certain vehicle electronic systems. Refer to

Section 00, Cautions and Notes before

disconnecting the battery.

1 Disconnect the battery negative terminal.

2 Retract the ECU wiring connector release bar (1, view A) to disconnect the ECU wiring connector (2) from the ECU

(3). The ECU wiring harness connector will automatically lift-out when the release bar is retracted (view B). Refer

to Figure 5B–78.

Figure 5B – 78

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–120

Page 5B–120

3 Note the brake pipe (1) fitting connections to the

hydraulic modulator to aid in reassembly.

4 Place shop rags around and beneath the hydraulic

modulator.

5 Loosen and disconnect the hydraulic modulator brake

pipe fittings (2).

Immediately seal off the brake pipes and the

hydraulic modulator with dummy plugs to

prevent the loss of brake fluid and entry of

dirt.

5 Carefully reposition the pipes away from the hydraulic

modulator ports. Do not to damage or kink the brake

pipes in any way.

6 Remove the nuts (3) securing the ECU/hydraulic

modulator assembly to the mounting bracket.

7 Remove the ECU/hydraulic modulator assembly from

the vehicle.

Figure 5B – 79

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–121

Page 5B–121

Disassemble

If the ECU or the hydraulic modulator is to be

replaced under manufacturer's warranty, do

not disassemble the ECU/hydraulic modulator

assembly. If either the ECU or the hydraulic

modulator is faulty, replace the complete

ECU/hydraulic modulator assembly.

While it is possible to replace the ECU

without removing the hydraulic modulator

from the vehicle, the ECU spring plate w ill not

seat correctly if not fitted in a horizontal

position. Therefore, to ensure the correct

installation of the replacement ECU, the

ECU/hydraulic modulator assembly must be

removed from the vehicle, prior to

disassembly.

1 Disconnect the hydraulic modulator motor wiring

harness connector (1) from the ECU (2).

2 Remove the hydraulic modulator motor wiring from its

retainer (3).

Figure 5B – 80

3 Support the ECU/hydraulic modulator assembly in a

horizontal position with the ECU (2) on top.

4 Remove the screws (1) securing the ECU to the

hydraulic modulator (3).

Figure 5B – 81

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–122

Page 5B–122

5 Lift the ECU (1) upwards and remove from the

hydraulic modulator (2).

6 Cover the hydraulic modulator valve body to prevent

damage or entry of dirt.

Figure 5B – 82

Inspect

When cleaning the ECU to hydraulic

modulator mating surfaces, the use of

chemical solvents is not permitted.

Inspect the ECU to hydraulic modulator mating surfaces and seal. The seal is not available as a spare part and the

mating surfaces cannot be mechanically reworked. Therefore, if the ECU to hydraulic modulator seal or its mating

surfaces are damaged, the complete ECU/hydraulic modulator assembly must be replaced.

Reassemble

1 Ensure that the ECU to hydraulic modulator mating

surface is clean.

2 Position the hydraulic modulator (1) so that the

solenoid valves face upwards.

3 Remove the new control module (2) from its protective

packaging

4 Install the ECU into the hydraulic modulator.

Figure 5B – 83

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–123

Page 5B–123

5 Install the screws retaining the ECU to the hydraulic

modulator. Tighten the screws in the specified

sequence (1 – 6) and to the correct torque

specification.

ECU retaining screw

torque specification.............................................3.0 Nm

6 Ensure that there is no gap between ECU and the

hydraulic modulator mating surface.

7 Connect the hydraulic modulator motor wiring harness

connector and press the motor wiring harness into its

retainer.

8 Reinstall the hydraulic ECU/hydraulic modulator

assembly into the vehicle. Refer to 9.3, ECU/hydraulic

modulator Assembly.

9 Check ABS-TCS operation. Refer to 5.2 AWD ABS-

TCS Main Diagnostic Table.

Figure 5B – 84

Reinstall

Reinstallation of the ECU/hydraulic modulator assembly is the reverse of removal procedures except for the following:

1 Ensure that the mounting bracket area is clean and free from brake fluid contamination.

2 Ensure that the bottom hydraulic modulator rubber insulator is correctly fitted.

3 Ensure the hydraulic modulator motor wiring harness

connector (1) is properly connected to the ECU.

Figure 5B – 85

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–124

Page 5B–124

4 Tighten the nuts (1) securing the ECU/hydraulic

modulator assembly to the correct torque

specification.

ECU /hydraulic modulator assembly securing nut

torque specification...........................................12.0 Nm

If the brake pipe fittings are incorrectly fitted,

wheel lock-up will occur and personal injury

may result.

5 Install the brake pipe fittings (2) to the correct

hydraulic modulator ports and tighten to the correct

torque specification.

Brake pipe fitting

torque specification...........................................15.0 Nm

6 Bleed the ABS-TCS hydraulic circuit. Refer to

9.2, ABS-TCS Brake Bleeding Procedure.

7 Check the ABS-TCS operation. Refer to

5.2 AWD ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table.

Figure 5B – 86

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–125

Page 5B–125

9.4 Front Right Wheel Speed Sensor

Remove

1 Raise the front of the vehicle and support on safety stands, Refer to Section 0A General Information for location of

the jacking points.

2 Remove the front right wheel. Refer to Section 10 Wheels and Tyres.

3 Remove the front right wheel speed sensor wiring

connector (1) from its mounting clip.

Figure 5B – 87

4 Using a small screwdriver, disconnect the front right

wheel speed sensor wiring connector (1) from the

main wiring harness connector.

5 Inspect the connector O-ring (2) and replace if

required.

Figure 5B – 88

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–126

Page 5B–126

6 Remove the screw (1) attaching the front right wheel

speed sensor (2) to the steering knuckle.

7 With a twisting motion, withdraw the front right wheel

speed sensor from the steering knuckle bore.

Do not use a screwdriver or other device to

prise the wheel speed sensor out. Otherwise,

damage to the wheel speed sensor may

occur.

8 Note the front right wheel speed sensor wiring

harness routing then remove the sensor assembly

from the vehicle.

9 Clean the wheel speed sensor to steering knuckle

mating surface. Figure 5B – 89

Reinstall

Reinstallation of the front right wheel speed sensor is the reverse of the removal procedure noting the following.

A replacement wheel sensor must only be

taken out its packaging immediately before

installing on the vehicle.

1 With a twisting motion, install the front right wheel

speed sensor (1) to the steering knuckle bore.

2 Install the screw (2) attaching the front right wh eel

speed sensor to the steering knuckle and tighten to

the correct torque specification.

Front right wheel speed sensor

attaching screw........................................6.0 – 14.0 Nm

3 Check the ABS-TCS operation. Refer to

5.2 AWD ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table.

Figure 5B – 90

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–127

Page 5B–127

9.5 Front Left Wheel Speed Sensor

Remove

1 Raise the front of the vehicle and support on safety stands, Refer to Section 0A General Information for location of

the jacking points.

2 Remove front left wheel. Refer to Section 10 Wheels and Tyres.

3 Remove the front left wheel speed sensor wiring

connector (1) from its mounting clip (2).

4 Remove screws (3), in two places, attaching the

Powertrain Control Module (PCM) to allow the front

left wheel speed sensor connector to pass through the

gap between the PCM (4) and the vehicle body. Refer

to Section 6C3 Engine Management for information

on the removal of the PCM attaching screws.

Figure 5B – 91

5 Using a small screwdriver, disconnect the front left

wheel speed sensor wiring connector (1) from the

main wiring harness connector.

6 Inspect the connector O-ring (2) and replace if

required.

Figure 5B – 92

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–128

Page 5B–128

7 Remove the screw (1) attaching the front left wheel

speed sensor (2) to the steering knuckle.

8 With a twisting motion, withdraw the front left wheel

speed sensor from the steering knuckle bore.

Do not use a screwdriver or other device to

prise the wheel speed sensor out. Otherwise,

damage to the wheel speed sensor may

occur.

9 Note the front left wheel speed sensor wiring harness

routing then remove the sensor assembly from the

vehicle.

10 Clean the wheel speed sensor to steering knuckle

mating surface. Figure 5B – 93

Reinstallation

Reinstallation of the front left wheel speed sensor is the reverse of the removal procedure noting the following.

A replacement wheel sensor must only be

taken out its packaging immediately before

installing on the vehicle.

1 With a twisting motion, install the front left wheel

speed sensor (1) to the steering knuckle bore.

2 Install the screw (2) attaching the front right wh eel

speed sensor to the steering knuckle and tighten to

the correct torque specification.

Front wheel speed sensor

attaching screw........................................6.0 – 14.0 Nm

Figure 5B – 94

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–129

Page 5B–129

3 Reinstall the screws (1), in two places, attaching the

PCM to the vehicle body. Refer to Section 6C3 Engine

Management.

4 Check the ABS-TCS operation. Refer to

5.2 AWD ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table.

Figure 5B – 95

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–130

Page 5B–130

9.6 Rear Wheel Speed Sensor

Remove

1 Raise the rear of the vehicle and support using safety stands under trailing arms to support weight of vehicle.

Refer to Section 0A General Information.

2 Disconnect the appropriate sensor lead connector (1)

from its underbody mounting clip (2).

Figure 5B – 96

3 Using a small screwdriver, disconnect the appropriate

wheel speed sensor wiring connector (1) from the

main wiring harness connector.

4 Inspect the connector O-ring (2) and replace if

required.

Figure 5B – 97

5 Remove the screw (1) attaching the appropriate rear

wheel speed sensor (2) to final drive rear cover.

Do not use a screwdriver or other device to

prise the wheel speed sensor out. Otherwise,

damage to the wheel speed sensor may

occur.

6 With a twisting motion, withdraw the appropriate rear

wheel speed sensor from the final drive cover bore.

7 Clean the wheel speed sensor to final drive cover

mating surface.

Figure 5B – 98

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–131

Page 5B–131

Reinstall

Reinstallation of the rear wheel speed sensor is the reverse of the removal procedure noting the following.

A replacement wheel sensor must only be

taken out its packaging immediately before

installing on the vehicle.

1 With a twisting motion, install the appropriate rear

wheel speed sensor (1) to the final drive cover bore.

2 Install the screw (2) attaching the appropriate rear

wheel speed sensor to final drive rear cover and

tighten to the correct torque specification.

Wheel speed sensor attaching screw

torque specification..................................4.0 – 14.0 Nm

3 Check ABS-TCS operation. Refer to

5.2 AWD ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table.

Figure 5B – 99

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–132

Page 5B–132

9.7 Pulse Rings

If the front constant velocity joint or the rear

axle flange requires replacement, the correct

replacement part must be installed.

Otherwise, ABS-TCS malfunction will occur.

Front Wheel Speed Sensor Pulse Ri ng

The front wheel speed sensor pulse ring (1) is a part of the

front driveshaft constant velocity joint assembly and is not

serviced separately. For the front drive constant velocity

joint service procedure, refer to Section 4B2 Final Drive.

Figure 5B – 100

Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Pulse Ring

NOTE

The rear wheel speed sensor pulse ring is a part

of the axle flange and are not serviced

separately.

Remove

1 Using a floor jack under the centre of the differential carrier, lift the rear of the vehicle and then place safety

stands under the body rear jacking points. Refer to Section 0A General Information.

2 Remove the drive shaft from side of vehicle where the pulse ring is to be removed. Refer to

Section 4B1, Final Drive.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–133

Page 5B–133

3 Remove the appropriate rear wheel speed sensor.

Refer to 9.6 Rear Wheel Speed Sensors.

4 Using a slide hammer, Tool No. 7374 to release the

axle shaft spring clip, remove the inner axle shaft.

As the axle shaft is removed, a small amount of

lubricant may leak from differential carrier.

5 Clean the area around the seal bore and differential

housing to ensure that no foreign matter enters the

axle shaft needle bearing.

Figure 5B – 101

Reinstall

NOTE

The left hand inner axle shaft (1) is shorter in

length than the right hand axle shaft (2).

NOTE

Ensure that the spring clip (3) at the end of the

axle shaft is not damaged and moves freely in

its groove. If necessary, replace the spring clip.

Do not expand the ends of a new clip more than

what is required to allow its installation into the

shaft groove.

1 Lubricate the inner axle shaft seal lips (4) with NLGI

No. 2 Multipurpose grease (lithium soap) grease.

Figure 5B – 102

2 Reinstall the inner axle shaft (1).

To avoid premature seal failure, ensure the

axle shaft splines or its spring clip do not

score or damage the seal lip during

installation.

3 Lightly hit on the end of the axle shaft flange (1) with a

soft faced hammer (2) to compress the spring clip on

the shaft into the clutch cone and side gear splines.

Fully engage the shaft (1) until the clip snaps into the

side gear groove.

Figure 5B – 103

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–134

Page 5B–134

4 Reinstall the drive shaft. Refer to Section 4B1 Final Drive.

5 Reinstall the wheel speed sensor. Refer to 9.6 Wheel Speed Sensors.

6 Remove the safety stands and lower the vehicle.

7 Check and fill the differential carrier to the correct level with the specified lubricant. Refer to

Section 4B1 Final Drive.

8 Check the ABS-TCS operation, refer to 5.2 AWD ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table.

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–135

Page 5B–135

9.8 Longitudinal Accelerometer

Remove

1 Remove the floor console assembly. Refer to Section 1A3, Instrument Panel and Console.

2 While pressing down on the longitudinal

accelerometer wiring connector clip (1), disconnect

the longitudinal accelerometer connector.

3 Remove the nut (2), two places, attaching the

longitudinal accelerometer (3).

4 Remove the longitudinal accelerometer from the

vehicle.

Figure 5B – 104

Reinstall

Reinstallation of the longitudinal accelerometer is the reverse of the removal procedure noting the following:

1 Install the longitudinal accelerometer (1) to its correct

position and orientation.

2 Install the nut (2), two places, attaching the

longitudinal accelerometer and tighten to the correct

torque specification.

Longitudinal accelerometer attaching

nut torque specification............................7.0 – 11.0 Nm

3 Check the ABS-TCS operation. Refer to

5.2 AWD ABS-TCS Main Diagnostic Table.

Figure 5B – 105

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–136

Page 5B–136

10 Specifications

Wheels speed sensors winding resistance...............................................1.4 - 1.8 kΩ @ 20°c

Front and rear wheel speed sensor air gap.....................................................Non-adjustable

Wheel speed sensor pulse rings ................................................................................ 48 teeth

Brake Fluid.......................................................................................................................Dot 4

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–137

Page 5B–137

11 Torque Wrench Specifications

Hydraulic Modulator Brake Pipe Fitting ................................................15.0 Nm

ECU Retaining Screw.............................................................................3.0 Nm

ECU/Hydraulic Modulator Assembly Securing Nut...............................12.0 Nm

Front Wheel Speed Sensor Attaching Screw..............................6.0 – 14.0 Nm

Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Attaching Screw...............................6.0 – 14.0 Nm

Longitudinal Accelerometer Attaching Nut ..................................7.0 – 11.0 Nm

AW D ABS-TCS Page 5B–138

Page 5B–138

12 Special Tools

Tool Number Illustration Description Tool Classification

7374

Slide Hammer & Plate

Used to remove inner axle shafts from

the final drive assembly

Desirable

3588

Digital Multimeter

Also Previously released as J39200

or equivalent.

NOTE: The instrument must have 10

mega ohms impedance and be

capable of reading frequencies.

Mandatory

J35616

Connector Test Adaptor Kit

Used when carrying out electrical

diagnostic circuit checks.

Desirable

70000861

Tech 2 Diagnostic Scan Tool

Previously released.

Mandatory